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Ding Jinhong, Zhang Qin,Guo Chunyan Ding Jinhong;Zhang Qin;Guo Chunyan 2006, 14 (1):  1-6.  Abstract ( 2642 )   PDF (264KB) ( 3748 )   Researchers have been exploring the relationship between human eye movements and mental activities for hundreds of years. Many studies indicated the significance of rapid eye movements (REM) and its cycle during sleep on the memory formation and consolidation. During awaking state, the aim of human eye movements is to obtain information from outside world. It should be a encoding procedure if a memory task involves. In addition, eye movements are related to human problem solving. The previous results suggest that eye movements and memory interact reciprocally, and a proper eye movements training could improve reading and memory. Related Articles | Metrics

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Visual Marking: A Mechanism of Prioritizing Selection Hao Fang;Fu Xiaolan 2006, 14 (1):  7-11.  Abstract ( 2245 )   PDF (251KB) ( 1963 )   Visual marking has more reasonably explained the phenomena of prioritizing selection that occur in temporal asynchrony between new and old items. Theory of visual making supposes that the top-down inhibition of old items prioritizes new items. This article reviewed the classical experiment paradigm of visual marking and the preview benefit, and then summarized two views of inhibition mechanisms, i.e., the inhibition based on the location and the inhibition based on the feature. Several other mechanisms and relevant limitations were analyzed. The implication in the study of visual marking was provided Related Articles | Metrics

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The Viewpoint Debates in Object Recognition Chen Peng;Fu Dejiang 2006, 14 (1):  12-17.  Abstract ( 2424 )   PDF (263KB) ( 2810 )   The viewpoint has been the focus of the debates in many recent object recognition studies. Two major theories about the viewpoint, structural description model and image-based model, and some recent research are reviewed. The shortcomings of the current research are pointed out, and the solution to the debate, which is that improving the object representation model, is discussed in this article Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between Representation and Consciousness in Implicit Learning Fu Qiufang;Fu Xiaolan 2006, 14 (1):  18-22.  Abstract ( 683 )   PDF (251KB) ( 2165 )   Recently, the relationship between representations and consciousness in implicit learning has been explored from two separate aspects: the quality of representation and the hierarchy of explicitness of representation. The study on quality of representation clearly showed the factors that influenced the availability of representations to consciousness. The study on the hierarchy of explicitness of representation clearly explained what sort of representation was conscious. However, the relationship between representation and consciousness is so complex that it is still a vexed question in the field of implicit learning Related Articles | Metrics

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Review on Graph and Table Processing Theories Ren Yanju;Fu Xiaolan 2006, 14 (1):  23-31.  Abstract ( 1563 )   PDF (284KB) ( 2099 )   Graph and table, as important information representation modes, had been applied broadly. Graph and table processing refer to human cognitive processing of information in graph and table. Firstly, the article reviewed rule model, cognitive process model, and computational model; secondly, it commented the hierarchical framework model which had been put forward in 2004; and finally, it summarized the graph and table processing theories and pointed out research directions in the future Related Articles | Metrics

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The Brain Mechanism of Syntactic Processing Gao Bing;Cao Hui;Cao Pin 2006, 14 (1):  32-39.  Abstract ( 2165 )   PDF (278KB) ( 2272 )   Syntactic processing is very important in language comprehension, by which all the semantic units are integrated and a whole semantic representation are constituted. The brain mechanism of syntactic processing is a very important issue in the study of psycholinguistics. With the development of technique of ERP and functional imaging, the possibility to study the brain mechanism of syntactic processing has emerged. In this paper, the studies about the brain mechanism of syntactic processing were reviewed and the issues and the debate in the domain were discussed Related Articles | Metrics

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Researches on Intelligence and Mental Speed Wang Ling;Shen Zheng;Fan Chunlei 2006, 14 (1):  40-45.  Abstract ( 2482 )   PDF (131KB) ( 2374 )   There is now a new tendency in the field of intelligence, researchers attempt to discover the correlation between psychometric intelligence to a cognitive or psychophysical variable, and employ cognitive and biological approaches in the same studies. This research emphasis is mental speed, which is indexed by inspection time (IT), reaction time, ERP or nerve conduction velocity. Many studies suggest that, in IT task, the patterns of amplitude and latency period of ERP are different between higher IQ and lower IQ participants. Many findings demonstrate that both information processing speed and nerve conduction velocity have a higher correlation with intelligence g factor, and that the cross-disciplinary studies on the relationship between intelligence and mental speed have become an important approach Related Articles | Metrics

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Theories and Research of Eye Movement in Developmental Dyslexia Chen Qingrong;Deng Zhu 2006, 14 (1):  46-52.  Abstract ( 2235 )   PDF (159KB) ( 3048 )   On the basis of cognition and biology, researchers put forward some theories about developmental dyslexia, such as phonological deficit、cerebellar deficit and the general magnocellular dysfunction,etc. And some characters in eye movement and some effective remedies have been found. But developmental dyslexia in Chinese is mainly confined to the fields of phonology and orthography. Other aspects have not been observed yet, such as eye movement. So primary theories about it are summarized. Then characters, such as fixation duration and frequency、saccade、regression and eyemovement mechanisms are discussed Related Articles | Metrics

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The Relationship Between Children’s Syntactic Awareness and Reading Ability Chen Yali;Chen Baoguo 2006, 14 (1):  53-59.  Abstract ( 2423 )   PDF (145KB) ( 2653 )   This is a summary about the relationship between children’s syntactic awareness and reading ability. At first, it introduces the definition of the syntactic awareness and the tasks those researchers use to measure it, including oral-cloze task, sentence judgment and correction task, error imitation, analyzing the syntactic context congruence, syntactic priming and so on. And then, the development of the theories and studies about the relationship between children’s syntactic awareness and their reading ability since 1970s is reviewed. Finally, it summarizes the problems that should be resolved in future Related Articles | Metrics

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Children’s Prospective Memory Wang Lijuan;Wang Shuyan;Liu Wei 2006, 14 (1):  60-65.  Abstract ( 1246 )   PDF (144KB) ( 2464 )   Prospective memory (ProM) involves remembering to carry out an or some intended activities in the future. This paper reviewed the researches on the children’s ProM from the experimental paradigm, the relationship between ProM and RetroM, ADHD children’s ProM and the factors of effect on the children’s ProM respectively. Moreover, this paper indicated the problems and the developing trends in this field at last Related Articles | Metrics

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Stability of Childhood Externalizing Problem Behaviors Cai Chunfeng;Zhou Zongkui 2006, 14 (1):  66-72.  Abstract ( 1459 )   PDF (152KB) ( 3169 )   Early externalizing problem behaviors negatively affect later academic, behavioral, peer relationships and life outcomes in adulthood. It is necessary to understand the original,causes and developmental mechanism of externalizing problem behaviors to determine to what extent later antisocial problem behavior can be explained by early problem behaviors and assess the necessarity and effectiveness of intervention and prevention efforts on externalizing problem behaviors. Relevant concepts and developmental inclination are introduced, and “early starter pathway”and “late starter pathway”of antisocial behaviors are delineated. Findings of behavior genetic research and factors that exert influences on the stability of externalizing behavior problems are addressed. In addition,the implications of this kind of research for the treatment and intervention of externalizing behavior problems in children are discussed Related Articles | Metrics

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Development and Prospect of Nonverbal Learning Disabilities Jiang Zhaoping;Yu Guoliang 2006, 14 (1):  73-79.  Abstract ( 2408 )   PDF (151KB) ( 1908 )   More attentions have been paid to the issue of learning disabilities. There have been a great deal of the research findings of NLD in the concept of “nonverbal learning disabilities(NLD)”, the diagnosis standards and screening, neuropsychology, cognition, sociality and instructional intervention. It is of great significance to note there are some existing problems to cope with, such as inconsistency of NLD definition; lack of the systemic researches on NLD; lack of effective intervention models and experimental researches Related Articles | Metrics

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The Formation and Influencing Factors of College Students’ Paranormal Belief Li Dan, Sun Yanjun, Lei Li 2006, 14 (1):  80-86.  Abstract ( 3416 )   PDF (285KB) ( 6011 )   This paper summarizes the researches in the last thirty years on college students’ paranormal belief, including the definition, psychology mechanism, and influencing factors. At the end, we point out some limitations among present researches and some directions in the future research Related Articles | Metrics

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Personality and Intelligence: An Interface Model Chen Shaohua;Zeng Yi 2006, 14 (1):  87-92.  Abstract ( 847 )   PDF (292KB) ( 3124 )   This paper explores the relevant concepts and researches about personality and intelligence, and discusses the four possible relations among of them. A model for understanding the personality-intelligence interface, which put forward by Chamorro-Premuzic and Furnham (2004), is an integration theory on base of these relations. In this model, the researchers regard personality traits as the center, and consider subjectively assessed intelligence (SAI) as a mediator variable between personality and IQ test performance. Moreover, the model analyzes the interface among personality trait, fluid intelligence, crystallized intelligence, IQ performance, SAI, and cognitive performance. Therefore, the present model provides a new approach for understanding the relationship between personality and intelligence Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on Comorbidity of Personality Disorders’ Diagnosis in the United States Xin Zengyou;Zheng Yong;Chen Benyou 2006, 14 (1):  93-98.  Abstract ( 2202 )   PDF (287KB) ( 2300 )   Personality disorders（PDs） have been argued by researchers and clinicians since the DSM’s first edition in USA. And the comorbidity of PDs’ became one specific focus of their attention, as DSM work group placed PDs on a separate axis in the third edition. The high levels of comorbidity among Axis-II and several explanative models were introduced in this article. Then reviews on what has been proposed to cope with this problem was also discussed systematically. In the end, opinions and suggestions on understanding of comorbidity and some relevant aspects were proposed Related Articles | Metrics

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The Animal Model of Stress-induced Relapse and Its Neurobiological Mechanisms Yu Bin;Wang Jia;Li Xinwang 2006, 14 (1):  99-104.  Abstract ( 1472 )   PDF (304KB) ( 2113 )   Relapse is a major characteristic of drug addiction disorders and it has been well established that stress induces reinstatement of drug seeking in the animal model of relapse. This article first briefly describes several animal models that have been used to study the reinstatement of drug seeking induced by stress. Then it reviews evidence from studies concerned with the neurobiological mechanisms involved in stress-induced reinstatement of drug seeking. The results of these studies suggest an important role of the brain corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) and noradrenaline (NA) neurons of the amygdala and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) in the modulation of stress-induced reinstatement. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) region may be a common pathway for cue, drug and stress-induced reinstatement of drug seeking Related Articles | Metrics

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Latest Introduction to Psychological Theories of Suicide Wang Qiushi;Liu Jianxin;Shen Heyong 2006, 14 (1):  105-110.  Abstract ( 2654 )   PDF (277KB) ( 6012 )   his article presented a concise summary of recent psychological theories in the fields of pathology , assessment and therapy of suicide. On such bases it introduced several theories within these aspects respectively in detail :Escape from self theory ,Ego-suicide theory ;SSF assessment, Four stage process model assessment; SATIR therapy model, Jungian art therapy ,etc.. Finally a brief evaluation and prospect were provided Related Articles | Metrics

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A Review on Emotion Work Zhang Huihua;Ling Wenquan;Fang Liluo 2006, 14 (1):  111-119.  Abstract ( 1911 )   PDF (323KB) ( 4087 )   The article reviews the research term, the definition’s origin and development, the dimension theories, the scales, the antecedents, the strategies, the consequences and the mechanisms of emotion work, also points out that the future researches should stress on how to integrate emotion work into human resource management practice except for the relative base theory problems of emotion work Related Articles | Metrics

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Five-factor Model of Personality and Performance: Review of Team-Level Research Bai Xinwen;Wang Erping;Li Yongjuan 2006, 14 (1):  120-125.  Abstract ( 2258 )   PDF (99KB) ( 4699 )   Relationship between Five-factor Model of Personality and performance at team-level has been the focus of team composition research since 1990’s. Authors reviewed the related researches and found that team Five-factor model of personality characteristics were positively related to team efficiency and contextual performance within teams. Authors also summarized several aggregation methods, which were used to aggregate team scores from individual attributes, as well as their underlining hypotheses. Finally, critical issues concerning team personality research were pointed out Related Articles | Metrics

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The Mechanism and Communication Effects of Emotional Appeal in Modern Advertising Zhou Xiangxian;Jin Zhicheng 2006, 14 (1):  126-132.  Abstract ( 2229 )   PDF (131KB) ( 5503 )   Because of its wide use in modern advertising, emotional appeal has become one of the most prevalent studies in advertising psychology in the West with the concentration on the following aspects: the functional mechanism and communication effects of emotional appeal and the relevant factors that may influence the communication effects of emotional appeal. Some of the existing problems that need to be further studied are pointed out on the basis of a systematic review of some recent researches Related Articles | Metrics

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Theory and Research of Ego Identity Zhou Hongmei;Guo Yongyu 2006, 14 (1):  133-137.  Abstract ( 2293 )   PDF (86KB) ( 6241 )   Erikson is the first person who advanced the problem of ego-identity. And he also described it from many perspectives. But he didn’t do empirical research into it. However, Marcia found 2 dimensions from the complex ego identity so that people can do empirical research into ego identity. Later, many studies attributed the development of identity to personal factors, which made it difficult to explain regression. So people found that contextual factors were also factors which affect the development of ego identity. Now many researchers acknowledge that personal and contextual factors both affect the development of ego identity. And some of them have put forward some theoretical models. At the same time, other researchers hope to explore the relationship between ego identity and other constructs. And in the future, the construct validity of ego identity and its development mechanism, and the relationship between ego identity and other constructs will still be hot topics Related Articles | Metrics

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The Stereotype Content Model and Its Researches Zuo Binl;Zhang Yangyang;Wang Juan 2006, 14 (1):  138-145.  Abstract ( 4123 )   PDF (119KB) ( 10026 )   The paper introduced and gave comments on the original, theoretical hypotheses and its key empirical studies of the stereotype content model (SCM). SCM was brought into social psychology by Fiske, Cuddy, Glick & Xu( 2002,2003,2004), respectively tested in samples from U.S.(individualistic), European(individualistic) and East Asian(collectivist). SCM proposed systematic principles of societal stereotypes and their relation to social structure, it hypothesized cross-cultural similarities: (a) perceived warmth and competence reliably differentiate societal group stereotypes; (b) many outgroups receive evaluatively mixed stereotypes; (c) high-status groups stereotypically are competent, and competitive groups stereotypically lack warmth. (d) there exists reference groups favoritism (ingroups and societal prototype groups) and outgroup derogation in the stereotype Related Articles | Metrics

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An Introduction of Researches and Theory of Social Loafing Wang Yanfei;Zhu Yu 2006, 14 (1):  146-153.  Abstract ( 2553 )   PDF (125KB) ( 2578 )   Social loafing is a reduction in motivation and effort when individuals work collectively compared with when work individually or coactively. The purpose of this paper is to discuss some important aspects about the theory and research of social loafing, presenting the concept, origin and development, theorical explanation, antecedents, formation models, summarizes some drawbacks in this field, several interesting directions for future research are raised Related Articles | Metrics

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The Inheritance and Development of Social Constructionism Psychology to Vygotsky’s Ideas Ma Yankun 2006, 14 (1):  154-160.  Abstract ( 2300 )   PDF (94KB) ( 5173 )   Vygotsky’s theory founded a basis for the emergence and development of Social Constructionism. Social Constructionism absorbed abundant nutrition from Vygotsky’s ideas while riching and developing Vygotsky’s social-construction ideas. Social Constructionism Psychology inherited and developed Vygotsky’s rebelling spirit , epistemology, ideas on development, tool theory and methodology Vygotsky put forward, shaking and pounding modern psychology’s basic hypotheses Related Articles | Metrics