Abstract: Syntactic processing is very important in language comprehension, by which all the semantic units are integrated and a whole semantic representation are constituted. The brain mechanism of syntactic processing is a very important issue in the study of psycholinguistics. With the development of technique of ERP and functional imaging, the possibility to study the brain mechanism of syntactic processing has emerged. In this paper, the studies about the brain mechanism of syntactic processing were reviewed and the issues and the debate in the domain were discussed

Key words: syntactic processing, brain imaging, brain lesion studies, syntactic violations, syntactic operation