心理学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (1): 12-24.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2022.00012 cstr: 32110.14.2022.00012
林静1, 黄量杰成1, 何耘丰1, 段继鹏2(), 尹军1(
)
收稿日期:
2020-08-29
发布日期:
2021-11-26
出版日期:
2022-01-25
基金资助:
LIN Jing1, HUANGLIANG Jiecheng1, HE Yunfeng1, DUAN Jipeng2(), YIN Jun1(
)
Received:
2020-08-29
Online:
2021-11-26
Published:
2022-01-25
摘要:
与已有研究着重考察如何识别客体导向性意图(动作以物理对象为目标, 而不涉及其他人)不同, 本研究对人们如何识别社会性意图(动作以指向社会主体为目标以影响对方的交互行为)进行了探讨。基于两交互主体在整体层面应遵循效用最大化的分析, 提出当A协助B达成目标状态所需要的成本小于B单独实现该目标状态所需要的成本时(简称为成本最小化信息), 其可被识别为具有社会性意图。通过在B面前设置栅栏的方法操纵成本最小化信息, 以指示不同意图类型的脑电μ抑制程度、对不同变化的敏感性(辨别力)为指标, 对该假设进行了检验。结果显示, 相比客体导向性意图的控制条件(即A将目标物苹果放置在石头前), 当A将目标物苹果放置在被栅栏挡住的B前, 其动作可减少B单独获取该苹果的动作成本, 即符合成本最小化条件时, μ的抑制程度更高(实验1), 且对结构改变(某两个动画中充当相同角色的智能体互换)的辨别力更强, 但对角色交换(某个动画中两个智能体的角色交换)的辨别力更弱(实验3a); 而当栅栏不存在时, 虽然A的运动路径与实验1相同, 但A将苹果放置在B前的成本大于B自身获取苹果的成本, 即不符合成本最小化条件, 条件间μ抑制的差异消失(实验2), 且对不同动作模式中变化的辨别相当(实验3b)。鉴于已有研究表明社会性意图所诱发的μ抑制强于客体导向性意图, 且人们对存在社会性意图的两个智能体间的结构改变更容易辨别, 而对角色交换不敏感, 故上述结果揭示, 两个个体的行为是否满足成本最小化影响人们对动作意图的识别, 支持成本最小化信息是社会性意图识别线索的观点。
中图分类号:
林静, 黄量杰成, 何耘丰, 段继鹏, 尹军. (2022). 基于成本最小化信息的社会性意图识别:来自脑电和行为的证据. 心理学报, 54(1), 12-24.
LIN Jing, HUANGLIANG Jiecheng, HE Yunfeng, DUAN Jipeng, YIN Jun. (2022). The recognition of social intentions based on the information of minimizing costs: EEG and behavioral evidences. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 54(1), 12-24.
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