不同强度趋近动机积极情绪对基于语义关联性错误记忆的影响及其神经机制

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2025.0349

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 情绪会影响错误记忆。以往研究多关注情绪效价和唤醒度对错误记忆的影响。到目前为止, 情绪的动机维度对错误记忆的影响过程和神经机制尚不清楚。本研究采用表情−姿势法诱发被试产生不同强度趋近动机的积极情绪, 结合功能性近红外光学脑成像技术(fNIRS), 考察被试在高、中和低三种强度趋近动机积极情绪条件下学习DRM词表时大脑皮层氧合血红蛋白浓度的变化以及这种变化对基于语义关联性错误记忆的影响。结果显示, 高趋条件下产生了更多的错误记忆。同时, 在左侧额叶、颞叶的部分区域中, 高趋条件下的脑激活水平显著高于中、低趋条件, 表明高趋条件会引发特定脑区更大程度的脑激活。相关分析结果表明, 高趋条件下, 左侧额下回和颞叶的激活水平与错误记忆率呈显著的正相关关系; 低趋条件下, 左侧颞下回的激活水平与错误记忆呈显著的负相关关系。以上结果表明, 不同强度趋近动机积极情绪会影响错误记忆的产生; 且趋近动机的强度会影响语义相关脑区激活水平的强度, 其中左侧颞下回在不同强度趋近动机积极情绪影响错误记忆的产生过程中出现了分离效应。

关键词: 错误记忆, 情绪动机性, 积极情绪, 语义关联性, fNIRS

Abstract:

Emotions can influence false memories, with previous studies showing that positive emotions particularly affect the formation of false memories related to semantic relevance. Most researchers agree that false memories are more likely under positive emotions. However, existing studies have focused mainly on valence and arousal dimensions, often neglecting the role of intrinsic motivation independent of arousal and valence. Consequently, research on how motivation influences false memory from an emotional perspective has been limited.

This study employed the expression-posture method to induce different levels of approach motivation in positive emotions. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) measured brain activity as participants were randomly exposed to high, medium, and low motivation conditions to avoid sequential effects. The dependent variables were: (1) the false memory rate of critical lures, calculated as the ratio of recalled critical lures to the total number; and (2) the relative variation in oxyhemoglobin (HbO) levels during the learning phase across different experimental conditions. The goal was to explore changes in oxygenated hemoglobin in the cerebral cortex and their effect on false memory related to semantic relevance, as participants encountered DRM vocabulary under different levels of positive emotion motivation.

Results showed that participants exhibited false memories under positive emotional motivation, with the highest false memory rate occurring in the high motivation condition. The false memory rate was significantly higher in the high and medium motivation conditions compared to the low motivation condition. Brain imaging revealed significant activation in the left frontal and temporal lobes across all conditions, with the greatest activation observed under high motivation. Correlation analysis showed that activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus and temporal lobe was positively correlated with false memory rates under high motivation. In contrast, under low motivation, activation in the left inferior temporal gyrus was negatively correlated with false memory. Linear regression further highlighted the critical role of this region in generating false memories.

In summary, these findings suggest that positive emotions with varying levels of approach motivation differently influence false memory. The results offer valuable insights into the psychological and neural mechanisms underlying how positive emotions with different levels of motivation affect false memory, highlighting the importance of semantic relevance.

Key words: false memory, emotional motivation, positive emotions, semantic relevance, fNIRS

中图分类号:

B842

张环, 秦锡权, 刘雨, 林琳, 吴捷. (2025). 不同强度趋近动机积极情绪对基于语义关联性错误记忆的影响及其神经机制. 心理学报, 57(3), 349-362.

ZHANG Huan, QIN Xiquan, LIU Yu, LIN Lin, WU Jie. (2025). The influence of positive emotion with varying intensities of approach motivation on false memory and its neural mechanisms: A study based on semantic-related false memory. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 57(3), 349-362.

图/表 8

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条件	学习词正确识别	关键诱饵虚报率	无关词虚报率
高趋积极情绪	0.76 (0.12)	0.75 (0.15)	0.17 (0.19)
中趋积极情绪	0.73 (0.11)	0.73 (0.19)	0.22 (0.19)
低趋积极情绪	0.74 (0.16)	0.62 (0.22)	0.17 (0.22)

条件	学习词正确识别	关键诱饵虚报率	无关词虚报率
高趋积极情绪	0.76 (0.12)	0.75 (0.15)	0.17 (0.19)
中趋积极情绪	0.73 (0.11)	0.73 (0.19)	0.22 (0.19)
低趋积极情绪	0.74 (0.16)	0.62 (0.22)	0.17 (0.22)

通道	MNI坐标			BA分区及脑区重合度
通道	X	Y	Z	BA分区及脑区重合度
1	−19	64	28	10, Frontopolar area, 0.69
2	−42	52	24	46, Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, 0.73
3	−55	33	16	45, pars triangularis Broca's area, 1
4	−65	1	−10	48, Retrosubicular area, 0.47
5	−71	−27	−7	21, Middle Temporal gyrus, 0.95
6	−66	−50	−17	20, Inferior Temporal gyrus, 0.46
7	−4	60	39	9, Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, 0.70
8	−26	52	37	9, Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, 0.1
9	−48	36	32	45, pars triangularis Broca's area, 0.85
10	−64	6	22	6, Pre-Motor and Supplementary Motor Cortex, 0.60
11	−69	−20	9	22, Middle-Superior Temporal Gyrus, 1
12	−70	−43	−2	21, Middle Temporal gyrus, 0.43
13	−62	−62	−12	37, Fusiform gyrus, 1
14	−32	47	51	9, Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, 0.86
15	−32	37	47	9, Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, 0.92
16	−50	37	45	44, pars opercularis, part of Broca's area, 0.48
17	−66	−9	34	43, Subcentral area, 0.66
18	−69	−36	20	22, Superior Temporal Gyrus, 0.61
19	−64	−61	3	37, Fusiform gyrus, 0.95
20	−3	42	54	8, Includes Frontal eye fields, 0.65
21	−23	34	57	8, Includes Frontal eye fields, 0.75
22	−44	17	55	9, Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, 0.75
23	−60	−12	46	3, Primary Somatosensory Cortex, 0.37
24	−67	−39	35	40, Supramarginal gyrus part of Wernicke's area, 0.63
25	−60	−67	14	37, Fusiform gyrus, 0.58
26	−54	−74	27	39, Angular gyrus, part of Wernicke's area, 0.88
27	−16	22	67	8, Includes Frontal eye fields, 0.71
28	−39	18	59	9, Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, 0.50
29	−58	−22	54	1、3, Primary Somatosensory Cortex, 0.78
30	−64	−41	44	40, Supramarginal gyrus part of Wernicke's area, 1
31	−58	−70	23	39, Angular gyrus, part of Wernicke's area, 0.85
32	−46	−89	6	19, V3, 0.67
33	−55	−62	45	39, Angular gyrus, part of Wernicke's area, 0.80
34	−51	−77	30	39, Angular gyrus, part of Wernicke's area, 0.87
35	−41	−91	17	19, V3, 0.77
36	−51	−64	51	39, Angular gyrus, part of Wernicke's area, 0.80
37	−41	−85	33	19, V3, 0.86

通道	MNI坐标			BA分区及脑区重合度
通道	X	Y	Z	BA分区及脑区重合度
1	−19	64	28	10, Frontopolar area, 0.69
2	−42	52	24	46, Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, 0.73
3	−55	33	16	45, pars triangularis Broca's area, 1
4	−65	1	−10	48, Retrosubicular area, 0.47
5	−71	−27	−7	21, Middle Temporal gyrus, 0.95
6	−66	−50	−17	20, Inferior Temporal gyrus, 0.46
7	−4	60	39	9, Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, 0.70
8	−26	52	37	9, Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, 0.1
9	−48	36	32	45, pars triangularis Broca's area, 0.85
10	−64	6	22	6, Pre-Motor and Supplementary Motor Cortex, 0.60
11	−69	−20	9	22, Middle-Superior Temporal Gyrus, 1
12	−70	−43	−2	21, Middle Temporal gyrus, 0.43
13	−62	−62	−12	37, Fusiform gyrus, 1
14	−32	47	51	9, Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, 0.86
15	−32	37	47	9, Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, 0.92
16	−50	37	45	44, pars opercularis, part of Broca's area, 0.48
17	−66	−9	34	43, Subcentral area, 0.66
18	−69	−36	20	22, Superior Temporal Gyrus, 0.61
19	−64	−61	3	37, Fusiform gyrus, 0.95
20	−3	42	54	8, Includes Frontal eye fields, 0.65
21	−23	34	57	8, Includes Frontal eye fields, 0.75
22	−44	17	55	9, Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, 0.75
23	−60	−12	46	3, Primary Somatosensory Cortex, 0.37
24	−67	−39	35	40, Supramarginal gyrus part of Wernicke's area, 0.63
25	−60	−67	14	37, Fusiform gyrus, 0.58
26	−54	−74	27	39, Angular gyrus, part of Wernicke's area, 0.88
27	−16	22	67	8, Includes Frontal eye fields, 0.71
28	−39	18	59	9, Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, 0.50
29	−58	−22	54	1、3, Primary Somatosensory Cortex, 0.78
30	−64	−41	44	40, Supramarginal gyrus part of Wernicke's area, 1
31	−58	−70	23	39, Angular gyrus, part of Wernicke's area, 0.85
32	−46	−89	6	19, V3, 0.67
33	−55	−62	45	39, Angular gyrus, part of Wernicke's area, 0.80
34	−51	−77	30	39, Angular gyrus, part of Wernicke's area, 0.87
35	−41	−91	17	19, V3, 0.77
36	−51	−64	51	39, Angular gyrus, part of Wernicke's area, 0.80
37	−41	−85	33	19, V3, 0.86