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COGNITIVE MODEL AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGIC EVIDENCE OF FACE RECOGNITION Peng Xiaohu, Luo Yuejia, Wei Jinghan, Wang Guofeng 2002, 10 (3):  241-247.  Abstract ( 1143 )   PDF (505KB) ( 2539 )   Research of ERP on face recognition has developed rapidly in recent years. According to the face recognition model of Bruce and Young, we discussed the meaning, effect, and relationship of each other among all the units. Results revealed the processing process and neural mechanism of face recognition. Furthermore, we pointed out some faults of Bruce and Young抯 face recognition model from a lot of results of ERP study, and tried to provide a modified face recognition model. Related Articles | Metrics

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ON THE MAIN ISSUES OF SPEECH PRODUCTION RESEARCH IN WESTERN COUNTRIES Yu Lin ;Shu Hua 2002, 10 (3):  248-256.  Abstract ( 900 )   PDF (489KB) ( 1773 )   This article is a brief summary of speech production抯 research tradition and the main research materials in recent years in western countries. Its mainly covered four parts: research tradition of speech production, modern research paradigm in the west, processing stages of speech production, main theoretical models and the disputes between them. The purpose of the article is to summarize the research course、methodology and theoretical disputes of speech production in the west, and provide some useful references for the study of Chinese. Related Articles | Metrics

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THE SOURCE OF FEELINGS OF FAMILIARITY:A REVIEW OF THE DISCREPANCY-ATTRIBUTION HYPOTHESIS Chen Xinkui, Mo Lei 2002, 10 (3):  257-263.  Abstract ( 969 )   PDF (483KB) ( 1301 )   The study of feelings of familiarity has greatly developed in recent years. After Jacoby et al. proposed the fluency-priming hypothesis according to their study in memory of recognition, Whittlesea et al. put forward a new argument of the occurrence of familiarity, namely, the discrepancy-attribution hypothesis, through a great amount of experiments. This article aimed at reviewing the main ideas of this hypothesis, its far-reaching significance to the field of metacognition and its still existing shortcomings, so that further research will be easier. Related Articles | Metrics

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A REVIEW OF RESEARCHES ON THE STYLES OF PROBLEM REPRESENTATION AND MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM-SOLVING Xu Xingchun, Liu Dianzhi (Education Faculty, Southwest China Normal University, Chongqing 400715) 2002, 10 (3):  264-269.  Abstract ( 1108 )   PDF (481KB) ( 2844 )   The study expatiates the role of the mathematics problem representation in problem-solving; discusses the relations between different styles of problem representation, such as abstract representation, principle representation, schematic representation, et al. and mathematical problem-solving ; in the end, this study presents two strategies in order to find the feasible problem representation through selecting and transferring . Related Articles | Metrics

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THE DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING Fang Ping, Xiong Duanqin, Cao Xuemei (Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100037) 2002, 10 (3):  270-279.  Abstract ( 962 )   PDF (497KB) ( 2811 )   Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) has been extensively applied in education and psychology. But there are still some questions on theory and technique that needs to be explicated. Many researchers themselves are not acquainted with SEM. So there are many misapplications about SEM and many error explications about the results. Therefore, this article included three parts. First we discussed some questions about the design and estimate of SEM. Second we indicated some recent developments of SEM and some new applications of SEM in some domains. Lastly we summarized the deficiency of SEM. Related Articles | Metrics

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RELIABILITY COMPARISONS BETWEEN IMPLICIT AND EXPLICIT MEMORY MEASURES Li Dezhong, Liu Fenghua (College of Educational Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014) 2002, 10 (3):  280-284.  Abstract ( 1212 )   PDF (475KB) ( 1460 )   The evidences of functional dissociation and stochastic independence confirmed task dissociation between implicit and explicit measures. The dissociations have been assumed to indicate that the memory process or memory systems underlying performance in explicit tests differ from those underlying performance in implicit memory tests. However, recent studies showed that reliabilities of implicit measures were significantly lower than that of explicit measures. As a consequence, if simple functional dissociations are to be used in future research, more attention needs to be paid to the statistical power of the relevant group comparisons and to the psychometric qualities of the memory measurement instruments. Related Articles | Metrics

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SITUATION MODEL IN THE FIELD OF SOCIAL INFORMATION PROCESSING Wang Pei, Hu Lincheng (Academy of Educational Science, Northwest Normal University, Lan Zhou 730070) 2002, 10 (3):  285-289.  Abstract ( 1124 )   PDF (474KB) ( 2403 )   Since Wyer and Srull introduced the situation model into the field of social information processing, the situation model has come to be one of the focuses in the relevant researches and its structure and mental mechanism have been developed. This article chiefly introduces its content, structure and basic hypotheses. The situation model represents ones understanding of specific events or states of affairs, and it is constructed spontaneously in the course of comprehending the information conveyed in social situations. Once the situation model is constructed, it may provide the primary basis for comprehending new information and judging the people and events. The situation model involves three basic types of information: a spatial-temporal framework, a collection of entities, and a set of relations among those entities. The theory of situation model assumes that people keep trace of at least five dimensions during comprehension. Those include: space, time, entities, causality and intentionality. Furthermore, future research orientation is probed in the article. Related Articles | Metrics

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CULTURAL NORM MODEL AND GOAL AS A MODERATOR MODEL: TWO KINDS OF CULTURAL THEORIES OF SWB Qiu Lin, Zheng Xue, Yan Biaobin (Department of Psychology of South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631) 2002, 10 (3):  290-294.  Abstract ( 1088 )   PDF (481KB) ( 1738 )   With the global development of economy and the improvement of people抯 material living standard, the problem about how to raise the quality of life has attracted more and more attention. Late in the 1960抯, the study of subjective well-being(SWB) became a worldwide hot point. Recently, the cultural differences in the properties of well-being have commanded the cross-cultural researchers?great interest. By comparing the two new theoretical models: cultural norm model and goal as a moderator model, the authors investigated into the role culture played in the production of SWB. On the basis of the investigation, the relationship between emotional well-being and meaning in life was analyzed in this article. Related Articles | Metrics

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REVIEW ON THE THEORY OF “NTERACTING COGNITIVE SUBSYSTEM” Fu Cui (Center of Psychology Studies, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071) 2002, 10 (3):  295-301.  Abstract ( 996 )   PDF (479KB) ( 1294 )   The basic viewpoints of “nteracting Cognitive Subsystem”?theory are introduced and analyzed in this article. The theory recognizes two qualitatively distinct kinds of meaning: a specific, lower-level meaning and general, high-level meaning; transforming information from one kind of code to another requiring specific rules to be followed; different information is stored in different memory systems; high-level meaning plays a central role in emotion production. The study on depressive emotional disorders of the theory is elaborated in the article, and the importance and problems to psychological therapy are also pointed out. Related Articles | Metrics

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ADHD AND BARKLEY扴 BEHAVIOR INHIBITORY MODEL Liu Xiangping, Ding Ding (Department of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875) 2002, 10 (3):  302-308.  Abstract ( 1450 )   PDF (479KB) ( 2779 )   Attention process deficit was thought to be an important factor in ADHD in the past. Since 1990, new findings were made in cognitive psychology, which emphasized deficit of self-monitor and self-management behind the attention process. This paper introduces the deficit of executive function in ADHD from the way of self monitor of Barkley抯 theory and proposes the new modification method for ADHD children. Related Articles | Metrics

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INTERNET: AS A NEW PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH TOOL Zhao Xiangyang, Zhu Ying (Psychology Department, Peking University, Beijing 100871) 2002, 10 (3):  309-314.  Abstract ( 1111 )   PDF (474KB) ( 2558 )   Internet as a new tool has been used widely in psychological research. In this article we first introduced the brief history of web-based psychological research, and then discussed its methodological advantages and disadvantages. Its advantages include high validity, multiple subjects, more convenient, lower cost, etc. but this new tool is also accompanied with the following limits, for example, experiment control is loose, not all of the research can be done in the Internet, etc. In spite of these disadvantages, more attention should be paid to this new tool in psychological research. Related Articles | Metrics

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PSYCHOLOGICAL TOPICS ON THE DESIGN OF VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT AND WWW Shen Fang, Zhang Zhijun (Department of Psychology and Behavior Science, Zhejiang University,Hangzhou, 310028) 2002, 10 (3):  315-321.  Abstract ( 928 )   PDF (479KB) ( 1250 )   Although the application of virtual environments (VE) and Internet promoted the computer technique greatly, it also brought some human factor problems, such as 搃mmersion?in VE, 揹isorientation?in WWW and the design of the navigational map. Many studies revealed that it was important to display the information, collocate browse background and design navigational maps properly in VE and WWW for reducing cognitive burden and improving 搃mmersion?in VE. Related Articles | Metrics

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RESEARCH ON INTERPERSONAL TRUST AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN ORGANIZATION MANAGEMENT. Lin Li, Zhang Jianxin (Institute of Psychology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101) 2002, 10 (3):  322-329.  Abstract ( 1245 )   PDF (482KB) ( 2931 )   Interpersonal trust, if obtainable in an organization, can enhance communication among members, increase work efficiency, and in turn reduce the managerial cost of the organization. Therefore, many researches on trust have been increasingly carried out in various social sciences, such as psychology, sociology and management studies. This article summarizes a large number of trust studies found in international and domestic journals. Several basic definitions of the trust concept were discussed at first; then the impacting factors constructing and destructing interpersonal trust in organization management were introduced. These factors appear to exist on various levels, from individual factors such as personality traits, to variables such as judgment of target person抯 social category on interpersonal level, and to macro level factors such as cultural influence. At last, development of interpersonal trust study in the future was explored from the perspective of organizational management. Related Articles | Metrics

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A REVIEW OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CASUAL MODELS OF EMPLOYEE VOLUNTARY TURNOVER Zhang Mian1,2, Li Shuzhuo2 (1School of Ecnomics and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084) (2School of Management,Xian Jiaotong University) 2002, 10 (3):  330-341.  Abstract ( 1466 )   PDF (514KB) ( 4593 )   Based on introducing the background and significance of employee turnover study, this paper reviews four typical psychological casual models of employee voluntary turnover after 1980 at length. In addition, the paper indicates some possible directions on further study of employee voluntary turnover model. Related Articles | Metrics

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A REVIEW OF RESEARCHES ON THE FACTORS RESTRICTING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CELEBRITY ADVERTISING Wang Huaiming, Ma Mouchao (Institute of Psychology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10011) 2002, 10 (3):  342-349.  Abstract ( 1217 )   PDF (487KB) ( 3309 )   This article reviews the factors influencing the effectiveness of celebrity advertising, pointing out that the effectiveness of celebrity advertising is influenced by the celebrity抯 credibility, which includes three factors, that is, celebrity抯 attraction, expertise and trustworthiness. Expertise and trustworthiness both have positive impact on the effectiveness of celebrity advertising, but the effectiveness of attraction is restricted by the match-up between the celebrity and the product advertised as well as the consumers?elaboration level. The elaboration likelihood model and the meaning transfer model further illustrates the concrete process in which the celebrity advertising affects the consumers. The congruence between the image of the celebrity and the product advertised is the decisive factor influencing the effectiveness of the celebrity advertising. Some advice is also provided in this article to improve the effectiveness of celebrity advertising. Related Articles | Metrics

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A COGNITIVE MODEL OF BRAND EQUITY Huang Heshui (Department of Journalism and Communication, Xiamen University, Xianmen 361005) Peng Danling (Department of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875) 2002, 10 (3):  350-359.  Abstract ( 1253 )   PDF (504KB) ( 3033 )   Brand equity is a research focus in marketing. This article reviews results of brand equity and discusses the process of how brand equity yields and functions. It was indicated that brand equity is, a. consumer抯 knowledge of the brand and consists of memory associations between the brand name and conduct category, conduct evaluation, and other associates. b. brand equity depends on marketing campaign and consumer experience and, c. it influences sales of conduct and brand extension. Related Articles | Metrics