经颅交流电刺激的刺激时机对工作记忆调控效果的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2026.0827

心理学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (5): 827-839.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2026.0827 cstr: 32110.14.2026.0827

经颅交流电刺激的刺激时机对工作记忆调控效果的影响

郭芮巧¹^,⁺, 李雯瑞²^,⁺, 郭雪³, 赵娜⁴, 雷鸣⁵, 刘强¹()

¹ 四川师范大学脑与心理科学研究院, 成都 610066
² 比利时列日大学认知心理与神经科学研究中心, 列日 4000
³ 德国乔治-奥古斯特大学哥廷根大学医学中心, 哥廷根 37075
⁴ 辽宁师范大学脑与认知神经科学研究中心, 大连 116029
⁵ 西南交通大学心理研究与咨询中心, 成都 611756

收稿日期:2025-03-18 发布日期:2026-03-04 出版日期:2026-05-25
通讯作者: 刘强, E-mail: lq780614@163.com
作者简介:
⁺郭芮巧和李雯瑞为共同一作
基金资助:
四川省科技软科项目(四川省社科基金委托项目)(SCJJ25RKX105);教育部高校思想政治工作队伍培训研修中心(西南交通大学)2023年度开放课题(SWJTUUKF23-15)

The impact of tACS stimulation timing on the modulation of working memory

GUO Ruiqiao¹^,⁺, LI Wenrui²^,⁺, GUO Xue³, ZHAO Na⁴, LEI Ming⁵, LIU Qiang¹()

¹ Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China
² Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition Research Unit, University of Liège, Place de Orateurs 4000 Liège, Belgium
³ Non-InvasiveBrain Stimulation Lab, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center G?ttingen, G?ttingen 37075
⁴ Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Liaoning 116029
⁵ Psychological Research and Counseling Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China

Received:2025-03-18 Online:2026-03-04 Published:2026-05-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

尽管经颅交流电刺激(transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation, tACS)可通过调节认知资源提升工作记忆(working memory, WM)表现, 但其效果在现有研究中并不一致。本研究发现, tACS刺激施加于任务的时机是决定WM调控效果的关键调节变量。通过两项严格设计的实验, 我们揭示tACS对WM调控效果受刺激与任务的时序影响：在实验1中, 相比于假刺激, 练习前施加theta频段tACS (4 Hz, 右顶叶)显著提升记忆数量且保持精度不变; 而于练习后施加刺激, 个体对任务的数量−精度权衡策略已形成, 在心理惯性的影响下该策略得以延续, 即与假刺激相比, tACS刺激选择性提高记忆精度而不改变数量。实验2进一步发现, 刺激时序对权衡策略的影响不会迁移到新任务中, 即被试在第一个任务中形成的策略在新任务中会被打破：面对新场景, 个体会根据任务特点与自身资源总量形成新的策略, 表明认知资源的灵活再分配。因此, 我们得出结论：tACS刺激对WM的调控效果取决于刺激施加的时机, 若在练习前施加, 则主要影响记忆数量; 若在练习后施加, 则主要影响记忆精度; 但已形成的调控效果不会迁移到新任务中。

关键词: tACS, 工作记忆, 精度?数量权衡, 4Hz theta, 心理惯性

Abstract:

Previous studies have demonstrated that tACS can expand cognitive resources, thereby improving working memory (WM) performance, while some studies failed to observe a definitive advantage of tACS in boosting WM. Regarding this ongoing debate, this study sought to explore the effect of tACS on working memory by involving the factor of psychological inertia. Psychological inertia refers to the unconscious, automatic behavior of an individual. The conflict between psychological inertia and rational decision-making could lead to a loss of optimal choice.

In Experiment 1, 36 participants completed a color recall reporting task. Active or sham tACS was applied before or after practice to manipulate the amount of memory resources at the initial stage. The results confirmed our hypothesis that participants who received active tACS after practice (post-practice) adopted similar memory strategies to those receiving sham stimulation due to a psychological inertia. They exhibited a trade-off between quantity and quality, i.e., post-practice tACS could boost memory accuracy with comparable quantity; while pre-practice stimulation improved memory quantity with comparable accuracy.

To investigate whether the regulatory effects of the first task would carry over to the second task, 56 participants completed both color and orientation recall reporting tasks in Experiment 2, where tACS stimulation was applied after the practice of the first task. The results revealed that memory accuracy was improved while the quantity was unchanged in the first task, which is consistent with the results from the group receiving post-ptactice tACS in Experiment 1. However, the memory quantity was enhanced and the accuracy was kept unchanged in the second task, consisting with the results of pre-practice tACS in Experiment 1. This indicates that, psychological inertia can be disrupted in new situations, leading to new strategies.

The regulatory effects of tACS on WM are modulated by the timing of stimulation. That is, pre-practice tACS influences the memory quantity, and post-practice tACS affects memory accuracy. Furthermore, the regulatory effects that were established during the first task may be disrupted when encountering a new task. These findings clarify the optimal temporal window for tACS intervention, providing a precise reference for clinical cognitive rehabilitation, such as early intervention in Alzheimer's disease.

Key words: tACS, working memory, accuracy-quantity trade-off, 4 Hz theta, psychological inertia

中图分类号:

B842

郭芮巧, 李雯瑞, 郭雪, 赵娜, 雷鸣, 刘强. (2026). 经颅交流电刺激的刺激时机对工作记忆调控效果的影响. 心理学报, 58(5), 827-839.

GUO Ruiqiao, LI Wenrui, GUO Xue, ZHAO Na, LEI Ming, LIU Qiang. (2026). The impact of tACS stimulation timing on the modulation of working memory. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 58(5), 827-839.

图/表 5

图1 实验流程图。刺激呈现时左右两边各4个色块, 色块之间颜色各不相同, 左右两边的颜色也不重复。被试只需记忆箭头指向一侧的色块。彩图见电子版, 下同。

图2 实验1和实验2中tACS刺激与任务先后顺序的流程图。实验1中一半被试参加先刺激组, 一半被试参加后刺激组。每组被试都要完成真假刺激条件, 时间间隔一周。实验2中一半被试先参加颜色任务, 一半被试先参加朝向任务, 每个被试都要完成真假刺激条件, 且时间间隔一周。黄色的闪电表示真刺激, 黑色的闪电表示假刺激。实线长箭头表示真刺激的作用时间段, 虚线长箭头表示假刺激的作用时间段。

图3 左图为先刺激组和后刺激组的猜测率G结果(合并了左右视野的数据)。右图为先刺激组和后刺激组的精度SD结果。注：更大的G值意味着较低的工作记忆数量, 更高的SD值意味着较差的工作记忆精度。在G和SD结果中, 无论先刺激还是后刺激组, 圆形都是真刺激条件, 三角形都是假刺激条件。

图4 颜色和朝向回忆报告任务流程图。颜色任务中, 在4个位置上有4种各不相同的颜色

图5 实验2中两个任务的猜测率G (左)与精度SD (右)结果。第一任务表示被试完成的第一个任务, 第二任务表示被试完成的第二个任务。注：第一任务和第二任务图中, 无论G还是SD, 圆形都是真刺激条件, 三角形都是假刺激条件

参考文献 54

[1]	Alós-Ferrer, C., Hügelschäfer, S., & Li, J. (2016). Inertia and decision making. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 169. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00169 doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00169 URL pmid: 26909061
[2]	Antal, A., Boros, K., Poreisz, C., Chaieb, L., Terney, D., & Paulus, W. (2008). Comparatively weak after-effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) on cortical excitability in humans. Brain Stimulation, 1(2), 97-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2007.10.001 doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2007.10.001 URL pmid: 20633376
[3]	Antal, A., & Paulus, W. (2013). Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS). Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 7, 317. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00317 doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00317 URL pmid: 23825454
[4]	Axmacher, N., Henseler, M. M., Jensen, O., Weinreich, I., Elger, C. E., & Fell, J. (2010). Cross-frequency coupling supports multi-item working memory in the human hippocampus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 107(7), 3228-3233. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0911531107 doi: 10.1073/pnas.0911531107 URL
[5]	Baddeley, A. (2012). Working memory: Theories, models, and controversies. Annual Review of Psychology, 63(1), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100422 doi: 10.1146/psych.2012.63.issue-1 URL
[6]	Barton, B., Ester, E. F., & Awh, E. (2009). Discrete resource allocation in visual working memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 35(5), 1359-1367. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015792 doi: 10.1037/a0015792 URL pmid: 19803642
[7]	Bays, P. M., & Husain, M. (2008). Dynamic shifts of limited working memory resources in human vision. Science, 321(5890), 851-854. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1158023 doi: 10.1126/science.1158023 URL pmid: 18687968
[8]	Bender, M., Romei, V., & Sauseng, P. (2019). Slow theta tACS of the right parietal cortex enhances contralateral visual working memory capacity. Brain Topography, 32(3), 477-481. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10548-019-00702-2 doi: 10.1007/s10548-019-00702-2 URL pmid: 30694422
[9]	Biel, A. L., Sterner, E., Röll, L., & Sauseng, P. (2022). Modulating verbal working memory with fronto‐parietal transcranial electric stimulation at theta frequency: Does it work? European Journal of Neuroscience, 55(2), 405-425. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.15563 doi: 10.1111/ejn.v55.2 URL
[10]	Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
[11]	Danner, U. N., Aarts, H., & de Vries, N. K. (2008). Habit vs. intention in the prediction of future behaviour: The role of frequency, context stability and mental accessibility of past behaviour. British Journal of Social Psychology, 47(2), 245-265. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466607X230876 doi: 10.1348/014466607X230876 URL
[12]	Ding, J., Zhang, Y., Liang, P., & Li, X. (2023). Modulation of working memory capacity on predictive processing during language comprehension. Language, Cognition and Neuroscience, 38(8), 1133-1152. doi: 10.1080/23273798.2023.2212819 URL
[13]	Elyamany, O., Leicht, G., Herrmann, C. S., & Mulert, C. (2021). Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS): From basic mechanisms towards first applications in psychiatry. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 271(1), 135-156. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-020-01209-9 doi: 10.1007/s00406-020-01209-9 URL pmid: 33211157
[14]	Ericsson, K. A., & Kintsch, W. (1995). Long-term working memory. Psychological Review, 102(2), 211-245. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.102.2.211 URL pmid: 7740089
[15]	Guo, X., Li, Z., Zhang, L., & Liu, Q. (2021). Modulation of visual working memory performance via different theta frequency stimulations. Brain Sciences, 11(10), 1358. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11101358 doi: 10.3390/brainsci11101358 URL
[16]	Haggar, P., Whitmarsh, L., & Skippon, S. M. (2019). Habit discontinuity and student travel mode choice. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 64, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2019.04.022 doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2019.04.022 URL
[17]	Jaušovec, N., Jaušovec, K., & Pahor, A. (2014). The influence of theta transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) on working memory storage and processing functions. Acta Psychologica, 146, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2013.11.011 doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2013.11.011 URL pmid: 24361739
[18]	Jensen, O., & Lisman, J. E. (1998). An oscillatory short-term memory buffer model can account for data on the Sternberg task. The Journal of Neuroscience, 18(24), 10688-10699. https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.18-24-10688.1998 doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.18-24-10688.1998 URL
[19]	Jensen, O., & Lisman, J. E. (2005). Hippocampal sequence- encoding driven by a cortical multi-item working memory buffer. Trends in Neurosciences, 28(2), 67-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2004.12.001 URL pmid: 15667928
[20]	Jensen, O., & Mazaheri, A. (2010). Shaping functional architecture by oscillatory alpha activity: Gating by inhibition. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 4, 186. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2010.00186 doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2010.00186 URL pmid: 21119777
[21]	Jones, K. T., Arciniega, H., & Berryhill, M. E. (2019). Replacing tDCS with theta tACS provides selective, but not general WM benefits. Brain Research, 1720, 146324. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146324 URL
[22]	Kleinert, M.-L., Szymanski, C., & Müller, V. (2017). Frequency-unspecific effects of θ-tACS related to a visuospatial working memory Task. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 11, 367. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00367 URL
[23]	Lee, J., & Park, S. (2005). Working memory impairments in schizophrenia: A meta-analysis. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 114(4), 599-611. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.114.4.599 doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.114.4.599 URL pmid: 16351383
[24]	Lega, B., Burke, J., Jacobs, J., & Kahana, M. J. (2016). Slow-theta-to-gamma phase-amplitude coupling in human hippocampus supports the formation of new episodic memories. Cerebral Cortex, 26(1), 268-278. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhu232 doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhu232 URL
[25]	Liu, C.-L., & Zhou, R.-L. (2013). Effects of working memory training on cognition and brain plasticity. Advances in Psychological Science, 20(7), 1003-1011. https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1042.2012.01003 doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2012.01003 URL
	[刘春雷, 周仁来. (2013). 工作记忆训练对认知功能和大脑神经系统的影响. 心理科学进展, 20(7), 1003-1011.]
[26]	Long, F., Ye, C., Li, Z., Tian, Y., & Liu, Q. (2020). Negative emotional state modulates visual working memory in the late consolidation phase. Cognition and Emotion, 34(8), 1646-1663. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2020.1795626 doi: 10.1080/02699931.2020.1795626 URL
[27]	Nissim, N. R., McAfee, D. C., Edwards, S., Prato, A., Lin, J. X., Lu, Z., Coslett, H. B., & Hamilton, R. H. (2023). Efficacy of transcranial alternating current stimulation in the enhancement of working memory performance in healthy adults: A systematic meta-analysis. Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface, 26(4), 728-737. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurom.2022.12.014 doi: 10.1016/j.neurom.2022.12.014 URL
[28]	Nitsche, M. A., Cohen, L. G., Wassermann, E. M., Priori, A., Lang, N., Antal, A., Paulus, W., Hummel, F., Boggio, P. S., Fregni, F., & Pascual-Leone, A. (2008). Transcranial direct current stimulation: State of the art 2008. Brain Stimulation, 1(3), 206-223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2008.06.004 doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2008.06.004 URL pmid: 20633386
[29]	Ouellette, J. A., & Wood, W. (1998). Habit and intention in everyday life: The multiple processes by which past behavior predicts future behavior. Psychological Bulletin, 124(1), 54-74. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.124.1.54 URL
[30]	Paßmann, S., Baselgia, S., Kasten, F. H., Herrmann, C. S., & Rasch, B. (2024). Differential online and offline effects of theta-tACS on memory encoding and retrieval. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 24(5), 894-911. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13415-024-01204-w
[31]	Peich, M.-C., Husain, M., & Bays, P. M. (2013). Age-related decline of precision and binding in visual working memory. Psychology and Aging, 28(3), 729-743. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033236 doi: 10.1037/a0033236 URL
[32]	Pupíková, M., Maceira-Elvira, P., Harquel, S., Šimko, P., Popa, T., Gajdoš, M., … Rektorová, I. (2024). Physiology-inspired bifocal fronto-parietal tACS for working memory enhancement. Heliyon, 10(18), e37427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37427 doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37427 URL
[33]	Riecke, L., Formisano, E., Herrmann, C. S., & Sack, A. T. (2015). 4-Hz transcranial alternating current stimulation phase modulates hearing. Brain Stimulation, 8(4), 777-783. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2015.04.004 doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2015.04.004 URL pmid: 25981160
[34]	Ruhnau, P., Neuling, T., Fuscá, M., Herrmann, C. S., Demarchi, G., & Weisz, N. (2016). Eyes wide shut: Transcranial alternating current stimulation drives alpha rhythm in a state dependent manner. Scientific Reports, 6(1), 27138. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep27138 doi: 10.1038/srep27138 URL
[35]	Samuelson, W., & Zeckhauser, R. (1988). Status quo bias in decision making. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 1(1), 7-59. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00055564 doi: 10.1007/BF00055564 URL
[36]	Sawilowsky, S. S. (2009). New effect size rules of thumb. Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods, 8(2), 597-599. https://doi.org/10.22237/jmasm/1257035100 doi: 10.22237/jmasm/1257035100 URL
[37]	Schneegans, S., & Bays, P. M. (2017). Neural architecture for feature binding in visual working memory. The Journal of Neuroscience, 37(14), 3913-3925. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3493-16.2017 doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3493-16.2017 URL
[38]	Shiffrin, R. M., & Schneider, W. (1977). Controlled and automatic human information processing: II. Perceptual learning, automatic attending and a general theory. Psychological Review, 84(2), 127-190. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.84.2.127 doi: 10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.127 URL
[39]	Spitzer, B., & Blankenburg, F. (2011). Stimulus-dependent EEG activity reflects internal updating of tactile working memory in humans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(20), 8444-8449. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1104189108 doi: 10.1073/pnas.1104189108 URL
[40]	Sreeraj, V. S., Shivakumar, V., Sowmya, S., Bose, A., Nawani, H., Narayanaswamy, J. C., & Venkatasubramanian, G. (2019). Online theta frequency transcranial alternating current stimulation for cognitive remediation in schizophrenia: A case report and review of literature. The Journal of ECT, 35(2), 139-143. https://doi.org/10.1097/yct.0000000000000523 doi: 10.1097/YCT.0000000000000523 URL
[41]	Suchow, J. W., Brady, T. F., Fougnie, D., & Alvarez, G. A. (2013). Modeling visual working memory with the MemToolbox. Journal of Vision, 13(10), 9-9. https://doi.org/10.1167/13.10.9
[42]	Sweller, J., van Merrienboer, J. J. G., & Paas, F. G. W. C.(1998). Cognitive architecture and instructional design. Educational Psychology Review, 10(3), 251-296. doi: 10.1023/A:1022193728205
[43]	Tavakoli, A. V., & Yun, K. (2017). Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) mechanisms and protocols. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 11, 214. https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2017.00214 doi: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00214 URL pmid: 28928634
[44]	Tseng, P., Lu, K. C., & Juan, C.-H. (2018). The critical role of phase difference in theta oscillation between bilateral parietal cortices for visuospatial working memory. Scientific Reports, 8(1), 349.
[45]	Vogel, E. K., McCollough, A. W., & Machizawa, M. G. (2005). Neural measures reveal individual differences in controlling access to working memory. Nature, 438(7067), 500-503. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04171 doi: 10.1038/nature04171 URL
[46]	Wang, S., Itthipuripat, S., & Ku, Y. (2019). Electrical stimulation over human posterior parietal cortex selectively enhances the capacity of visual short-term memory. The Journal of Neuroscience, 39(3), 528-536. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1959-18.2018 doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1959-18.2018 URL
[47]	Wolinski, N., Cooper, N. R., Sauseng, P., & Romei, V. (2018). The speed of parietal theta frequency drives visuospatial working memory capacity. PLOS Biology, 16(3), e2005348. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2005348 doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2005348 URL
[48]	Ye, C., Hu, Z., Li, H., Ristaniemi, T., Liu, Q., & Liu, T. (2017). A two-phase model of resource allocation in visual working memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 43(10), 1557-1566. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000376 doi: 10.1037/xlm0000376 URL
[49]	Ye, C., Sun, H.-J., Xu, Q., Liang, T., Zhang, Y., & Liu, Q. (2019). Working memory capacity affects trade-off between quality and quantity only when stimulus exposure duration is sufficient: Evidence for the two-phase model. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 8727. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-44998-3 doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-44998-3 URL pmid: 31217521
[50]	Zhang, D.-W., Moraidis, A., & Klingberg, T. (2022). Individually tuned theta HD-tACS improves spatial performance. Brain Stimulation, 15(6), 1439-1447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2022.10.009 doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2022.10.009 URL
[51]	Zhang, S. Y., & Li, X., B. (2022). The application of different frequencies of transcranial alternating current stimulation in mental disorders. Advances in Psychological Science, 30(9), 2053-2066. https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1042.2022.02053 doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2022.02053 URL
	[张思源, 李雪冰. (2022). 不同频率经颅交流电刺激在精神疾病中的应用. 心理科学进展, 30(9), 2053-2066.] doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2022.02053
[52]	Zhang, W., & Luck, S. J. (2008). Discrete fixed-resolution representations in visual working memory. Nature, 453(7192), 233-235. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature06860 doi: 10.1038/nature06860 URL
[53]	Zhang, X., Wang, W., Duan, H., Zhao, Y., Kan, Y., & Hu, W. (2019). Effect of working memory on insight and analytic problem solving. Journal of Psychological Science, 42(4), 777-783.
[54]	Zokaei, N., Burnett Heyes, S., Gorgoraptis, N., Budhdeo, S., & Husain, M. (2015). Working memory recall precision is a more sensitive index than span. Journal of Neuropsychology, 9(2), 319-329. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnp.12052 doi: 10.1111/jnp.12052 URL pmid: 25208525

经颅交流电刺激的刺激时机对工作记忆调控效果的影响

The impact of tACS stimulation timing on the modulation of working memory

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

评审附件

可视化

English Version

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 5

参考文献 54

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	任国防, 丁晓伟, 张颖超, 王盛元. 空间位置比非空间特征更难从工作记忆中移除[J]. 心理学报, 2026, 58(6): 1028-1041.
[2]	王俊博, 赵娜, 李子媛, 刘强. 负性面孔的工作记忆离线态存储不影响在线态存储[J]. 心理学报, 2025, 57(8): 1323-1332.
[3]	李子媛, 任国防, 袁子昕, 喻青青, 伍越, 刘强. 视觉工作记忆离线态表征具有稳固性优势[J]. 心理学报, 2025, 57(5): 739-748.
[4]	连浩敏, 张倩, 谷雪敏, 李寿欣. 持续性视觉注意对视觉工作记忆项目优先加工的影响[J]. 心理学报, 2025, 57(2): 191-206.
[5]	周临舒, 张雨青, 蔡丹超. 音乐训练促进音高与时间维度在听觉工作记忆中的交互[J]. 心理学报, 2025, 57(10): 1701-1714.
[6]	周详, 张婧婧, 白博仁, 翟宏堃, 崔虞馨, 祖冲. “三心二意”胜过“一心一意”: 媒体多任务提升低工作记忆容量者创造力[J]. 心理学报, 2024, 56(8): 1031-1046.
[7]	李子媛, 雷鸣, 刘强. 视觉工作记忆离线态表征的生成机制[J]. 心理学报, 2024, 56(4): 412-420.
[8]	牛惠, 胡艳梅, 郑旭涛, 姜英杰, 刘佳. 奖赏对工作记忆提取准确性的促进及其机制[J]. 心理学报, 2024, 56(4): 435-446.
[9]	张引, 李月, 梁腾飞, 陈江涛, 刘强. 自动激活的长时联结表征对工作记忆的促进效应[J]. 心理学报, 2024, 56(10): 1328-1339.
[10]	庞超, 陈颜璋, 王莉, 杨喜端, 贺雅, 李芷莹, 欧阳小钰, 傅世敏, 南威治. 客体信息在视觉工作记忆编码和维持阶段的不同注意选择模式[J]. 心理学报, 2023, 55(9): 1397-1410.
[11]	李海峰, 林世卿, 万博温. 价值导向的注意刷新及其机制[J]. 心理学报, 2023, 55(8): 1234-1242.
[12]	董天天, 徐璐璐, 贺雯. 积极总是好的吗?积极元刻板印象对工作记忆的影响及其机制[J]. 心理学报, 2023, 55(8): 1344-1357.
[13]	陈悦源, 方卫宁, 郭北苑, 鲍海峰. 作业中断对任务绩效的影响及心理疲劳的调节作用[J]. 心理学报, 2023, 55(1): 22-35.
[14]	王强强, 张琦, 石文典, 王志伟, 章鹏程. 数字空间表征的在线建构：来自干扰情境中数字SNARC效应的证据[J]. 心理学报, 2022, 54(7): 761-771.
[15]	贾世伟, 齐丛丛, 陈乐乐, 任衍具. 工作记忆负荷对反馈加工过程的影响: 来自脑电研究的证据[J]. 心理学报, 2022, 54(3): 248-258.