ISSN 0439-755X
CN 11-1911/B
主办:中国心理学会
   中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (7): 941-952.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2017.00941

• • 上一篇    下一篇

 社交网站中的上行社会比较与抑郁的关系: 一个有调节的中介模型及性别差异

 连帅磊;孙晓军;牛更枫;周宗奎   

  1.  (青少年网络心理与行为教育部重点实验室; 华中师范大学心理学院, 武汉 430079)
  • 收稿日期:2016-05-13 发布日期:2017-05-26 出版日期:2017-07-25
  • 通讯作者: 孙晓军, E-mail: sunxiaojun@mail.ccnu.edu.cn; 周宗奎, E-mail: zhouzk@mail.ccnu.edu.cn E-mail:E-mail: sunxiaojun@mail.ccnu.edu.cn; E-mail: zhouzk@mail.ccnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
     国家社科基金重大项目(11&ZD151)、国家自然科学青年基金项目(31400887)和霍英东教育基金会资助。

 Upward social comparison on SNS and depression: A moderated mediation model and gender difference

 LIAN Shuailei; SUN Xiaojun; NIU Gengfeng; ZHOU Zongkui   

  1.  (Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education; School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China)
  • Received:2016-05-13 Online:2017-05-26 Published:2017-07-25
  • Contact: SUN Xiaojun, E-mail: sunxiaojun@mail.ccnu.edu.cn; ZHOU Zongkui, E-mail: zhouzk@mail.ccnu.edu.cn E-mail:E-mail: sunxiaojun@mail.ccnu.edu.cn; E-mail: zhouzk@mail.ccnu.edu.cn
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摘要:  为明确社交网站中的上行社会比较对青少年抑郁的作用机制, 本研究构建了一个有调节的中介模型, 重点考察了妒忌在二者关系中的中介作用、反刍思维的调节作用及其性别差异。以836名高中生为被试(M = 16.34岁, SD = 1.06), 采用问卷法对社交网站中的上行社会比较、妒忌、反刍思维以及抑郁进行调查。结果显示:(1)在控制性别、年龄、年级、社交网站好友数量以及平均每天使用社交网站频率、时间后, 社交网站上行社会比较对抑郁具有显著的正向预测作用; (2)妒忌能够在社交网站上行社会比较与抑郁的关系中起中介作用, 且这种间接效应会受到反刍思维的调节; (3)有调节的中介模型存在性别差异:与男生相比, 妒忌的中介效应在女生被试群体中更显著; 在男生被试群体中, 妒忌的中介作用会受到反刍思维的调节作用的影响, 而在女生被试群体中, 该调节效应不显著。

关键词:  抑郁, 社交网站, 上行社会比较, 妒忌, 反刍思维, 青少年

Abstract:  Scholars have started investigating the link between social network site (SNS) use and depression among adolescents, but findings remain inconsistent. In order to find out the reasons, researchers conduct lots of studies, trying to give an interpretation for the relationship and its complex mechanisms from a different perspective. Among many factors influencing adolescents’ depression, the role of upward social comparison on SNS has increasingly received attention of both practitioners and researchers over the past few years. There is substantial literature documenting that upward social comparison on SNS has an important influence on adolescents’ depression, but little is known about the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying this relation. Therefore, based on the social comparison theory of envy and the response styles theory of rumination, the present study constructed a moderated mediation model to examine the effect of upward social comparison on SNS and the underling mechanisms. Specifically, the present study examined whether upward social comparison on SNS would be indirectly related to adolescents’ depression through the experience of envy during SNS using, and whether this indirect association would be moderated by the adolescents’ rumination. This integrated model can address questions about both mediation and moderation in one model. Its results would be helpful to answer the issues such as “what works for whom”, and provide valuable information for early identification and prevention that cannot be obtained by separately testing the two questions. A total of 836 high school students (mean age = 16.34 years, SD = 1.06) participated in this study. Adolescents’ upward social comparison on SNS was measured by the revised upward social comparison questionnaire. Envy was assessed with the SNS envy scale. The short form of ruminative responses scale was used to assess rumination traits. Adolescents’ depression was assessed with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. All the measures have good reliability and validity. The results showed that: (1) after controlling for age, grade, number of friends on SNS and the frequency and time of SNS use, the upward social comparison on SNS has a positive direct effect on adolescents’ depression. (2) The positive association between upward social comparison and adolescents’ depression was mediated by envy, and there is gender difference in this indirect effect. The indirect effect was stronger for girls than boys. (3) For boys, the mediating effect of envy was moderated by rumination. The indirect effect was stronger for boys with high rumination than for those with low rumination. However, the moderating effect of rumination cannot be found in the indirect effect of envy for girls. These findings contribute to our understanding of how and when upward social comparison on SNS impacts adolescents’ depression. On the one hand, the experience of envy during SNS using relative to the upward social comparison on SNS, may serve as a more important role on the emergence and development of adolescents’ depression. On the other hand, more attention should be paid to the boys with high level of rumination (especially reducing their frequency of upward social comparison on SNS) and boys with high frequency of upward social comparison on SNS (especially reducing their rumination). Last but not the least, the prevention and interventions for adolescents’ depression should pay attention not only to the effect of behavior factors, experience factors and personality trait factors, but also to the combined influence of those factors.

Key words:  depression, social network site (SNS), upward social comparison, envy, rumination, adolescents

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