ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办:中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (9): 1670-1679.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2018.01670

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

老年刻板印象威胁及其研究操纵

潘文静, 温芳芳**(), 佐斌*()   

  1. 华中师范大学心理学院暨社会心理研究中心, 武汉 430079
  • 收稿日期:2017-10-11 出版日期:2018-09-15 发布日期:2018-07-30
  • 通讯作者: 温芳芳,佐斌 E-mail:wenff@mail.ccnu.edu.cn;zuobin@mail.ccnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31571147);国家自然科学基金项目(31400903);华中师范大学中央基本科研业务费重大培育项目(CCNU15Z02001)

Aging stereotype threat and it’s manipulations in psychological research

PAN Wenjing, WEN Fangfang**(), ZUO Bin*()   

  1. School of Psychology and Research Centre of Social Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
  • Received:2017-10-11 Online:2018-09-15 Published:2018-07-30
  • Contact: Fangfang WEN,Bin ZUO E-mail:wenff@mail.ccnu.edu.cn;zuobin@mail.ccnu.edu.cn

摘要:

随着人口老龄化的不断加剧, 老年刻板印象威胁受到越来越多的关注。不同于种族或民族、性别等刻板印象威胁, 老年刻板印象威胁表现出累积性、共通性与连续性等特征。目前关于老年刻板印象威胁的研究多集中于认知老化尤其是记忆老化上, 关注老年刻板印象威胁对老年司机和老年员工的消极影响。消除与降低老年刻板印象威胁的消极效应可以从认知改变、群体认同、代际接触、老龄自我实现和个性化以及媒体宣传等五个方面来进行。在实验室研究中, 老年刻板印象威胁有外显与内隐两种不同的操纵形式。未来可以从扩展研究领域、细化“年龄”差异、比较整体效应大小和性别差异、侧重积极效应以及加强本土化检验和跨文化比较研究等方面来深化。

关键词: 老龄化, 老年刻板印象威胁, 研究操纵, 认知改变, 群体认同

Abstract:

With the explosive growth of the aging population, researchers are paying more and more attention to stereotype threat among older adults. Unlike the race/ethnicity and gender stereotype threats, aging stereotype threat is characterized by its accumulativeness, intercommunity, and continuity. Existing research on aging stereotype threat has been primarily focused on cognitive aging, in particular, memory aging, and the impact of aging stereotype threat on older drivers and workers. Five intervening factors are shown to be effective in mitigating the adverse effects of aging stereotype threat: cognitive modification, group identification, intergenerational contact, self-actualization and individualization, and influence of mass media. Laboratory studies of aging stereotype threat use both explicit and implicit manipulation methods. Future research can benefit from extending to broader research areas, refining differences between age groups, comparing the overall effect size and gender difference, emphasizing on positive effects, and drawing upon indigenous studies and cross-cultural comparisons.

Key words: aging population, aging stereotype threat, manipulation, cognitive modification, group identification

中图分类号: