脑电的重测信度：在多项静息态和任务态实验中的对比

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2023.01587

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于脑电探讨心理过程的认知神经机制, 需要信号本身具有良好的重测信度。本研究多角度对比了睁眼、闭眼两种静息态脑电以及精神运动警觉任务、Oddball两种任务态事件相关电位的重测信度。发现静息态的重测信度普遍优于任务态, 其中闭眼静息态又比睁眼静息态的重测信度更高, alpha频段的重测信度在所有频段中最高。对于两种任务态, 在时域上均表现为刺激出现后200 ms左右较高的重测信度。在空间上, 5种状态的结果都表明中央区域比外周区域的重测信度更高, 这可能与外周区域更容易出现伪迹有关。本研究涉及多个静息态和任务态脑电实验, 在频域、时域、空域三个维度的特征上, 较为全面地对比了重测信度并分析了可能的原因, 为后续研究脑电信号重测信度选择合适的实验范式和指标提出了建议, 对于基础和临床领域的脑电应用都具有重要参考价值。

关键词: 脑电, 事件相关电位, 重测信度, 静息态

Abstract:

Owing to its advantages in time resolution, electroencephalography (EEG) provides an important basis for studying the dynamic cognitive process of the human brain. To explore the electrophysiological mechanism of psychological processes, scalp EEG must have good test-retest reliability. Most studies explore the reliability of the resting-state EEG (rsEEG) or event-related potentials (ERP), lacking a comprehensive comparison of multiple states. We comprehensively compared the test-retest reliability of the two rsEEG with eyes-open (EO) and eyes-close (EC) states, and the ERPs of PVT and oddball tasks, from frequency, time, and spatial domains to identify more widely applicable indicators.

A total of 42 healthy adults (age range = 18-26 years old; mean = 19.5 ± 1.4 years old; 14 males) underwent all three EEG recording sessions, including the present (Session 1), 90 mins later (Session 2), and one month later (Session 3). During each EEG recording session, all the participants completed the same five states including two resting states (eyes-open, eyes-closed, each with 5 minutes) and two task states (PVT and oddball task). Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) were computed to assess the test-retest reproducibility of the five states.

This study compares and analyses the test-retest reliability of two resting-state and three task-state EEG from the perspectives of time, frequency, and spatial domains. Results revealed the following: (1) The test-retest reliability of rsEEG was generally better than that of ERP. (2) For rsEEG, the test-retest reliability of the EC resting-state was higher than that of the EO, with the ICC median value of approximately 0.6. Furthermore, the test-retest reliability of the alpha band was the highest in all frequency bands. (3) For the two task-states ERP, the overall ICC of the PVT paradigm was higher than that of the oddball paradigm, and the test-retest reliability was highest at about 200 ms after the stimulus onsets. (4) In the spatial domain, the test-retest reliability is higher in the central region than in the peripheral region, which may be related to the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).

Our research involves multiple resting-state and task-state experiments. Based on the characteristics of frequency, time, and space domains, we comprehensively compared the optimal retest characteristics of multiple EEG and suggest the possible reasons. Some suggestions for the selection of appropriate experimental paradigms and indicators for the follow-up study of EEG test-retest reliability are provided and guide the application of EEG in the basic and clinical fields.

Key words: EEG, event-related potential, test-retest reliability, resting-state EEG

中图分类号:

B845

覃慧怡, 丁丽洪, 段威, 雷旭. (2023). 脑电的重测信度：在多项静息态和任务态实验中的对比. 心理学报, 55(10), 1587-1596.

QIN Huiyi, DING Lihong, DUAN Wei, LEI Xu. (2023). Test-retest reliability of EEG: A comparison across multiple resting-state and task-state experiments. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 55(10), 1587-1596.

图/表 7

图1 两种静息态EEG和三种任务态ERP在3次实验(session)中的频谱图(A)和波形图(B)。电极位置均为Cz, 实线表示均值, 浅色阴影表示标准误。(A)静息态两种条件的频谱图, 横轴代表频率, 纵轴代表绝对功率值, 紫色线条代表睁眼静息态(EO), 绿色线条代表闭眼静息态(EC)。(B)任务态三种条件的波形图, 横轴代表时间, 纵轴代表幅值, 黑色线条代表PVT范式, 黄色线条代表Oddball范式中的偏差刺激(Oddball-D), 蓝色线条代表Oddball范式中的标准刺激(Oddball-S)。彩图见网络版。注：EO: eyes-open; EC: eyes-close; PVT: psychomotor vigilance task; Oddball-D: deviant stimulus of oddball task; Oddball-S: Standard stimulus of oddball task.

图2 ICC值在5种条件的功率(A)和幅值(B)中的分布情况, 包括所有电极、频率点(rsEEG)和时间点(ERPs)。横轴代表条件, 纵轴代表ICC值。黑色参考线代表平均值, 红色参考线代表中值。(A)静息态两种条件下ICC值的分布情况。(B)任务态三种条件下ICC值的分布情况。彩图见网络版。注：EO: eyes-open; EC:eyes-close; PVT: psychomotor vigilance task; Oddball-D: deviant stimulus of oddball task; Oddball-S: Standard stimulus of oddball task.

表1 5种条件下ICC的整体分布情况

统计指标	实验条件
统计指标	EO	EC	PVT	Oddball-D	Oddball-S
均值 ± 标准差	0.54 ± 0.16	0.55 ± 0.19	0.50 ± 0.13	0.33 ± 0.13	0.33 ± 0.16
最大值	0.91	0.94	0.82	0.68	0.80
中值	0.53	0.56	0.51	0.35	0.35
差异检验	EC > EO, t = -2.71, p = 0.007		PVT > Oddball-D / Oddball-S, F = 753.16, p < 0.001

图3 所有电极ICC值在5种条件中的变化情况。实线表示均值, 浅色阴影表示标准误。(A)静息态两种条件下ICC值的变化, 横轴代表频率, 纵轴代表ICC值, 紫色线条代表睁眼静息态(EO), 绿色线条代表闭眼静息态(EC)。(B)任务态三种条件下ICC值的变化, 横轴代表时间, 纵轴代表ICC值, 黑色线条代表PVT范式, 黄色线条代表Oddball范式中的偏差刺激(Oddball-D), 蓝色线条代表Oddball范式中的标准刺激(Oddball-S)。彩图见网络版。注：EO: eyes-open; EC: eyes-close; PVT: psychomotor vigilance task; Oddball-D: deviant stimulus of oddball task; Oddball-S: Standard stimulus of oddball task.

图4 rsEEG的alpha频段和ERP的P2成分对应的ICC值在头表的分布注：EO: eyes-open; EC: eyes-close; PVT: psychomotor vigilance task; Oddball-D: deviant stimulus of oddball task; Oddball-S: Standard stimulus of oddball task. 彩图见网络版。

图5 5种条件(EO, EC, PVT, Oddball-D, Oddball-S)下2个感兴趣区(中央和外周区域)的ICC平均值。横轴代表条件, 纵轴代表ICC值。蓝条代表中央区域, 橙条代表外周区域。注：插入图为中央与外周区域电极划分情况, 蓝色为中央区域, 橙色为外周区域。彩图见网络版。

表2 5种条件下2个感兴趣区的ICC值及其独立样本t检验结果

统计指标	EO		EC		PVT		Oddball-D		Oddball-S
统计指标	中央	外周	中央	外周	中央	外周	中央	外周	中央	外周
ICC平均值	0.81	0.76	0.82	0.79	0.69	0.59	0.46	0.38	0.52	0.50
ICC方差	0.0007	0.0021	0.0010	0.0017	0.0026	0.0222	0.0072	0.0100	0.0106	0.0127
t	5.42		3.10		3.52		3.26		0.44
p	<0.001		0.003		0.001		0.002		0.661

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