Abstract: The traditionally separate researches on cognition and posture have been connected in the study of posture-cognition dual-tasking, which has become a new expanding area of research. A large quantity of studies revealed the role of cognitive factor in the control of balance which indicated the coexistence of posture and cognition. Studies with old person’s who had specific neurological disease showed some of the mechanisms underlying motor control problems in those patient populations. The knowledge gained from such studies will contribute to the design of old people’s falling prevention and intervention method, and also provide insights into children’s attention problem and the construction of their academic setting. Moreover, such studies indicated that the interaction between the development of postural control and cognition should be further investigated

Key words: postural control, balance, attention, cognition, dual-task