ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办：中国科学院心理研究所
出版：科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2015, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (5): 858-870.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2015.00858

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

老年人行为决策：领域现状与挑战

张力元1;毕研玲1;张宝山1;陈璐2   

  1. (1陕西师范大学心理学院, 西安 710062) (2西南大学心理学部, 重庆 400715)
  • 收稿日期:2014-05-24 出版日期:2015-05-15 发布日期:2015-05-15
  • 通讯作者: 张宝山, E-mail: zhangbs@snnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31200778), 教育部人文社科项目(青年基金) (12YJC190039), 中国博士后科学基金特别资助(201104168)。

The Elderly Decision Making: The Current Situations and Challenges of the Field

ZHANG Liyuan1; BI Yanling1; ZHANG Baoshan1; CHEN Lu2   

  1. (1 School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710062, China) (2 School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China)
  • Received:2014-05-24 Online:2015-05-15 Published:2015-05-15
  • Contact: ZHANG Baoshan, E-mail: zhangbs@snnu.edu.cn

PDF (PC)

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摘要：

老年人的决策特点在多个领域各有不同, 具体表现为消费领域的信息搜索数量下降, 风险决策中的风险规避倾向, 医疗决策中对框架效应敏感性的下降以及日常决策中存在经验优势等。总的来说, 老年人在一部分决策任务中表现较差, 而在另一部分决策任务中表现与年轻人无差异甚至优于年轻人。老年人的决策效度主要受到个体认知、情绪和任务特征等因素的交互影响, 遵循个体-情境拟合理论。未来研究除了要继续探讨老年决策者在不同领域决策任务下的表现及影响因素, 并深入解决决策质量及策略等方面争议外, 还应进一步加强对被试特征、决策策略、跨文化等一系列变量及认知神经机制的研究。

关键词: 老年人, 行为决策, 决策领域, 个人特征, 任务情境

Abstract:

Decision making in elderly people can be characterized in different areas by the following features: limitation of predecisional information search in consumer decision, risk-avoiding in risky choice situations, diminished sensitivity to the framing effect in medical decision-making, and some advantage based on richer relevant experience in everyday problem-solving. In general, for some decision-making tasks, older adults perform worse than younger adults, whereas they do better or at least as well as younger adults in some other tasks. The validity of elderly decision-making is mainly influenced by the interaction of cognitive aspects, emotional factors and task characteristics, and is in agreement with the person–context fit framework. For future studies, in addition to further clarification of the characteristics of decision makers’ performance in different areas and solving current issues about decision qualities and strategies, we should also pay more attention to the influence of variables related to individual characteristics, decision-making strategies, and cross-cultural factors. Further research on cognitive and neural mechanisms should be strengthened.

Key words: elderly, decision making, decision making area, individual characteristics, contextual