ISSN 0439-755X
CN 11-1911/B
主办：中国心理学会
　　　中国科学院心理研究所
出版：科学出版社

心理学报 ›› 1998, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 14-20.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

语义联系类型和强度对预期推理生成的制约作用

崔耀;陈永明   

  1. 中国科学院心理研究所
  • 出版日期:1998-03-25 发布日期:1998-03-25
  • 通讯作者: 崔耀

PREDICTIVE INFERENCE IN READING:THE EFFECTS OF SEMANTIC RELATIONS AND THEIR STRENGTH

Cui Yao Chen Yongming (Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100012)   

  • Published:1998-03-25 Online:1998-03-25

摘要： 首先采用开放式问卷实验方法，由被试生成日常生活中的事件以及组成这些事件的各种活动和活动的参加者。然后，对这些事件熟悉性、对活动的典型性和可区分性三个维度进行主观评价，形成事件以及每个事件活动序列，并据此编制实验材料。实验主要考察活动的典型性和可区分性对于熟悉性高的事件的预期推理的影响，以及不同工作记忆能力的被试进行事件预期推理时的加工模式。实验结果表明：（１）高工作记忆能力的被试对事件的预期量小于低工作记忆能力的被试。（２）高可区分性的活动对事件的预期作用强；高典型性且低可区分性的活动对事件的预期作用弱，其效果与低典型性且低可区分性的活动对事件的预期作用无显著差异。（３）事件对高典型性的活动都有较强的预期。

关键词: 预期推理, 世界知识, 语义联系, 工作记忆

Abstract: An open-questionnaire experimental method was used to assess the familiarity, standardness and distinctiveness of some activities which fonmed events. According to this assessment, ten life events and the activities that formed these events were selected as the base for two experiments. ln these experiments, 3 within-subjects factors were tested. They were standardness of the activities (high, low), distinctiveness of the activities (high, low) and position of the target (predictive, event / activity). A between-subjects fact was working memory capacity(high, low). The experimental task was naming. The results indicated that the working memory capacity reflected not only the naming speed but also resource consuming patterns during reading. Distinctiveness may be more important in from-activity- to -event predictive inference, and standardness seems more essential to fromevent-to-activity predictive inference.

Key words: predictive inference, world knowledge, semantic association, working memory