抑郁倾向对个体情绪调节目标的影响——来自事件相关电位的证据

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2019.00637

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目前抑郁症情绪失调的研究主要关注策略的选择和应用, 但是对于情绪调节目标是否异常及其背后的电生理基础尚不清楚。情景选择是成熟的情绪反应产生之前运用的一种调节策略, 可以反映情绪调节目标。本研究要求抑郁倾向被试与控制组被试观看并选择快乐、中性和悲伤场景图片, 同时记录事件相关电位(ERP)和主观情绪偏好。结果发现, 抑郁倾向组悲伤图片的LPP波幅显著小于健康控制组, 并更多地选择再次观看悲伤图片。此外, 抑郁倾向组对于悲伤情绪的偏好显著增加, 对快乐情绪的偏好则显著降低。结果提示抑郁倾向个体对快乐刺激的趋近动机和对悲伤刺激的回避动机都降低, 从而使得抑郁倾向被试的情绪调节目标为更多地体验到悲伤。

关键词: 情绪调节, 情绪调节目标, 抑郁倾向, 趋避动机, 晚期正成分

Abstract:

Researches on deficits in emotion regulation of depression have mainly focused on the selection and application of emotion-regulation strategies; however, it remains unclear whether it is also related to emotion-regulation goals, i.e., the direction of emotion regulation. Situation selection is an antecedent-focused regulation strategy that is worked before the emotional reactions occur and it can be used as an index of emotional-regulation goals.

In our current study, the event-related potential (ERP) technique was used to investigate the emotion-regulation goals of young adults with depression inclination. Participants were asked to freely select the emotion-inducing scenes in which they want to put themselves and to report their emotional preferences。

ERP results revealed that the amplitudes of Late Positive Potential (LPP) were significantly decreased when viewing the sadness scene in young adults with depression inclination, and they selected to view sadness scene more frequently than healthy young adults. In addition, the ratings of sadness preferences were significantly higher among subjects with depression inclination, while the happiness preferences were lower.

The current results suggest that, compared to the control group, the individuals with depression inclination are more willing to use situation selection to maintain or enhance their sadness rather than weaken it or enhance their happiness. These findings further indicate that emotion regulation goals of depressive subjects may be related to their motivations for selecting emotional stimulus, and provide a new perspective for exploring the causes and mechanisms of emotion regulation deficits in depressive disorders.

Key words: emotion regulation, emotion regulation goal, depression inclination, approach-avoidance motivation, late positive potential

中图分类号:

B845
B842

李红, 杨小光, 郑文瑜, 王超. (2019). 抑郁倾向对个体情绪调节目标的影响——来自事件相关电位的证据. 心理学报, 51(6), 637-647.

LI Hong, YANG Xiaoguang, ZHENG Wenyu, WANG Chao. (2019). Emotional regulation goals of young adults with depression inclination: An event-related potential study. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 51(6), 637-647.

图/表 9

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项目名称	健康控制组	抑郁倾向组	p值
N	18	18
性别(男/女)	10/8	8/10	0.53^a
年龄	20.78 (1.86)	20.56 (1.98)	0.73^b
BDI-II	5.22 (3.08)	25.11 (4.05)	< 0.001^b
PANAS
正性情绪	20.33 ± 6.29	19.77 ± 7.46	0.239^b
负性情绪	11.38 ± 4.09	12.72 ± 2.35	0.811^b

项目名称	健康控制组	抑郁倾向组	p值
N	18	18
性别(男/女)	10/8	8/10	0.53^a
年龄	20.78 (1.86)	20.56 (1.98)	0.73^b
BDI-II	5.22 (3.08)	25.11 (4.05)	< 0.001^b
PANAS
正性情绪	20.33 ± 6.29	19.77 ± 7.46	0.239^b
负性情绪	11.38 ± 4.09	12.72 ± 2.35	0.811^b

组别	图片类型
组别	快乐的	中性的	悲伤的
抑郁倾向组
快乐	5.32 (1.69)	2.07 (1.05)	1.40 (0.46)
悲伤	1.43 (0.38)	1.66 (0.77)	5.41 (1.79)
健康控制组
快乐	5.92 (1.39)	2.26 (1.04)	1.24 (0.16)
悲伤	1.22 (0.27)	1.51 (0.70)	5.43 (1.47)

组别	图片类型
组别	快乐的	中性的	悲伤的
抑郁倾向组
快乐	5.32 (1.69)	2.07 (1.05)	1.40 (0.46)
悲伤	1.43 (0.38)	1.66 (0.77)	5.41 (1.79)
健康控制组
快乐	5.92 (1.39)	2.26 (1.04)	1.24 (0.16)
悲伤	1.22 (0.27)	1.51 (0.70)	5.43 (1.47)

组别	图片类型
组别	快乐图片	中性图片	悲伤图片
健康控制组	45.50 (13.86)	31.83 (15.56)	12.39 (10.41)
抑郁倾向组	37.39 (14.60)	28.33 (12.11)	23.22 (11.56)
总计	41.44 (14.62)	30.08 (13.85)	17.81 (12.16)