心理学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (12): 1393-1406.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2020.01393
收稿日期:
2019-10-16
出版日期:
2020-12-25
发布日期:
2020-10-26
通讯作者:
孙岩
E-mail:sunyan@lnnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
SUN Yan(), LV Jiaojiao, LAN Fan, ZHANG Lina
Received:
2019-10-16
Online:
2020-12-25
Published:
2020-10-26
Contact:
SUN Yan
E-mail:sunyan@lnnu.edu.cn
摘要:
认知重评作为高度适应性的情绪调节策略, 是否消耗随后任务所需的认知资源仍存在争议。以往研究把重评作为单一策略研究, 并未区分重评亚型对这一问题进行探索。本研究采用情绪调节与认知控制结合的任务, 考察自我关注和情境关注两种重评亚型调节情绪的效果, 以及对随后认知控制的影响是否存在差异。结果发现两种重评策略都能有效调节情绪, 但调节效果存在差异。从行为角度看, 与中性刺激相比, 负性刺激会引发更高的负性情绪水平, 对随后冲突任务的认知控制能力更差。进一步从神经机制水平来看, 增加负性情绪可能会进一步消耗随后任务可用的认知资源, 与自我关注重评相比, 采用情境关注重评降低负性情绪后, 对随后冲突任务的认知控制能力更强。说明两种重评亚型并不同质, 不仅在调节情绪的效果上存在差异, 而且会引发不同的认知控制后果; 同时, 负性情绪水平越高, 认知控制能力可能会越差。
中图分类号:
孙岩, 吕娇娇, 兰帆, 张丽娜. (2020). 自我关注重评和情境关注重评情绪调节策略及对随后认知控制的影响. 心理学报, 52(12), 1393-1406.
SUN Yan, LV Jiaojiao, LAN Fan, ZHANG Lina. (2020). Emotion regulation strategy of self-focused and situation-focused reappraisal and their impact on subsequent cognitive control. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 52(12), 1393-1406.
组别 | 情绪调节条件 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
观看中性 | 观看负性 | 增加负性 | 降低负性 | |
自我关注组 | ||||
效价 | 5.27 (0.74) | 3.42 (0.57) | 3.25 (0.68) | 3.55 (0.62) |
唤醒度 | 4.02 (1.57) | 5.36 (1.16) | 6.72 (1.22) | 5.32 (1.04) |
情境关注组 | ||||
效价 | 5.25 (0.74) | 3.65 (0.70) | 3.36 (0.72) | 4.27 (1.04) |
唤醒度 | 3.83 (1.33) | 5.24 (1.08) | 5.73 (1.27) | 5.17 (1.19) |
表2 两组被试在4种情绪调节条件下的主观体验评级
组别 | 情绪调节条件 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
观看中性 | 观看负性 | 增加负性 | 降低负性 | |
自我关注组 | ||||
效价 | 5.27 (0.74) | 3.42 (0.57) | 3.25 (0.68) | 3.55 (0.62) |
唤醒度 | 4.02 (1.57) | 5.36 (1.16) | 6.72 (1.22) | 5.32 (1.04) |
情境关注组 | ||||
效价 | 5.25 (0.74) | 3.65 (0.70) | 3.36 (0.72) | 4.27 (1.04) |
唤醒度 | 3.83 (1.33) | 5.24 (1.08) | 5.73 (1.27) | 5.17 (1.19) |
图5 两组被试在增加和降低情绪调节条件下300~390 ms期间(黄色区域)的P300平均波幅与750~900 ms期间(灰色区域)的SP 平均波幅。其中A表示使用自我关注重评增加负性情绪之后Stroop呈现-反应的波幅, B表示使用情境关注重评增加负性情绪之后Stroop呈现-反应的波幅, C表示使用自我关注重评降低负性情绪之后Stroop呈现-反应的波幅, D表示使用情境关注重评降低负性情绪之后Stroop呈现-反应的波幅。
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