情绪效价和动机强度对社会分享型提取诱发遗忘的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2024.00999

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在互动提取过程中, 说话者选择性地提取目标信息, 会导致听者对非目标信息的遗忘, 这被称为社会分享型提取诱发遗忘。本研究基于情绪、动机与记忆之间的密切联系, 探索在互动提取范式中, 情绪效价与情绪动机维度对社会分享型提取诱发遗忘的影响。实验1通过操纵情绪效价与项目类型, 考察情绪效价对社会分享型提取诱发遗忘的影响; 实验2通过操纵积极情绪效价下的动机维度与项目类型, 考察积极情绪动机维度对社会分享型提取诱发遗忘的影响。结果发现, 在积极情绪(和中性情绪)条件下会产生社会分享型提取诱发遗忘, 消极情绪条件下则不会; 且高趋近动机积极情绪条件下的社会分享型提取诱发遗忘效应量大于低趋近动机积极情绪。以上结果为了解情绪效价及相应的动机维度对社会分享型提取诱发遗忘的影响提供了实证依据, 在社会互动任务中检验了情绪与动机影响记忆表现的关键作用。

关键词: 社会分享型提取诱发遗忘, 积极情绪, 情绪效价, 动机, 共享现实

Abstract:

Memories of individuals are typically encoded, stored, recalled, and reconstructed through direct or indirect interactions with others. Cuc et al. (2007) founded that during interactive retrieval, speakers' selective recall of memories results in the forgetting of non-target information related to the retrieved information, a phenomenon known as retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF). Simultaneously, listeners in this interactive process are also influenced by the speakers' selective recall, leading to the forgetting of relevant but not retrieved information, a phenomenon termed socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting (SS-RIF). Building on the intertwined connection between emotion, motivation, and memory, this study investigates the impact of emotional valence and motivation on socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting in the context of interactive retrieval.

In Experiment 1, emotional valence and item type were manipulated to explore the influence of emotional valence on socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting. The experiment employed a within-participants design of 3 (emotional valence: positive emotion, neutral emotion, negative emotion) × 4 (item type: Rp+, Rp−, Nrp+, Nrp−). The dependent variable was participants' recall accuracy of items under the three emotional conditions. The results demonstrated that listeners exhibited socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting effects under positive and neutral emotions but not under negative emotions in the interactive retrieval practice paradigm. Additionally, the effect was more pronounced under positive emotions compared to neutral emotions, aligning with our Hypothesis 1.

Experiment 2 manipulated positive emotional motivation and item type to investigate the impact of motivation on socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting. The experiment employed a within-participants design of 2 (positive emotional motivation dimension: high-motivation with positive emotion, low-motivation with positive emotion) × 4 (item type: Rp+, Rp−, Nrp+, Nrp−). Results indicated that listeners exhibited socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting effects under both high- and low-motivation with positive emotional conditions, consistent with the findings of Experiment 1. Moreover, the level of socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting was significantly higher under high-motivation with positive emotions compared to low-motivation with positive emotions, supporting our Hypothesis 2.

These findings offer empirical support for comprehending the impact of emotional valence and motivation on socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting, underscoring the crucial role of emotion and motivation in memory outcomes during social interactive tasks.

Key words: socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting, positive emotion, emotional valence, motivation, shared reality

中图分类号:

B842

张环, 王晨, 李俊霞, 林琳, 吴捷. (2024). 情绪效价和动机强度对社会分享型提取诱发遗忘的影响. 心理学报, 56(8), 999-1014.

ZHANG Huan, WANG Chen, LI Junxia, LIN Lin, WU Jie. (2024). The influence of emotional valence and motivation on socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 56(8), 999-1014.

图/表 13

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情绪	情绪诱发前	情绪诱发后
情绪	情绪诱发前	积极情绪	中性情绪	消极情绪
积极情绪	1.62 ± 1.18	3.31 ± 0.95	0.23 ± 0.47	-
中性情绪	3.96 ± 0.87	3.46 ± 1.65	3.73 ± 1.20	-
消极情绪	0.29 ± 0.74	0.04 ± 0.20	0.02 ± 0.10	3.85 ± 0.69

情绪	情绪诱发前	情绪诱发后
情绪	情绪诱发前	积极情绪	中性情绪	消极情绪
积极情绪	1.62 ± 1.18	3.31 ± 0.95	0.23 ± 0.47	-
中性情绪	3.96 ± 0.87	3.46 ± 1.65	3.73 ± 1.20	-
消极情绪	0.29 ± 0.74	0.04 ± 0.20	0.02 ± 0.10	3.85 ± 0.69

情绪	项目类型
情绪	Rp+	Nrp+	Rp−	Nrp−
积极情绪	0.77 ± 0.19	0.36 ± 0.28	0.24 ± 0.20	0.64 ± 0.27
中性情绪	0.87 ± 0.15	0.41 ± 0.29	0.40 ± 0.21	0.55 ± 0.29
消极情绪	0.77 ± 0.23	0.51 ± 0.27	0.55 ± 0.22	0.54 ± 0.33

情绪	项目类型
情绪	Rp+	Nrp+	Rp−	Nrp−
积极情绪	0.77 ± 0.19	0.36 ± 0.28	0.24 ± 0.20	0.64 ± 0.27
中性情绪	0.87 ± 0.15	0.41 ± 0.29	0.40 ± 0.21	0.55 ± 0.29
消极情绪	0.77 ± 0.23	0.51 ± 0.27	0.55 ± 0.22	0.54 ± 0.33

情绪	情绪诱发前	情绪诱发后
情绪	情绪诱发前	积极情绪	中性情绪	消极情绪
积极情绪	1.80 ± 0.63	3.28 ± 0.83	0.35 ± 0.52	-
中性情绪	3.52 ± 1.06	3.52 ± 1.06	3.70 ± 0.81	-
消极情绪	0.45 ± 0.78	-	-	4.16 ± 0.76