ISSN 0439-755X
CN 11-1911/B
主办：中国心理学会
　　　中国科学院心理研究所
出版：科学出版社

心理学报 ›› 2002, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (01): 30-36.

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内隐和外显记忆的遗忘特点

郭力平   

  1. 华东师范大学学前教育系 上海200062
  • 发布日期:2002-02-25 出版日期:2002-02-25
  • 通讯作者: 郭力平

AN EXPERIMENT ON FORGETTING OF IMPLICIT AND EXPLICIT MEMORY

Guo Liping (Department of Early Childhood Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062)   

  • Online:2002-02-25 Published:2002-02-25

摘要： 根据实验性分离范式 ,选定加工分离程序为工具 ,通过对再认的两个加工过程进行的延时比较 ,考察了内隐和外显记忆的遗忘特点。结果显示 :在延时分别为 0、6分钟、15分钟、1小时和 7天的遗忘进程中 ,再认的自动提取和意识性提取成绩表现了不同的特征 ,尤其是在前 15分钟的遗忘进程中 ,自动提取成绩的衰减不明显而意识性提取成绩的衰减非常显著 ,表明内隐记忆和外显记忆具有不同的遗忘特点。另外研究还通过对加工水平因素的考察 ,发现了加工水平因素对意识性提取和自动提取成绩的作用不同。

关键词: 内隐记忆, 外显记忆, 遗忘

Abstract: According to the experimental dissociation paradigm, employing process dissociation procedure, an experiment was designed to investigate the forgetting characters of implicit and explicit memory through comparing the delayed performance of the two processing mechanisms of recognition The results showed that automaticity and recollection functionally differed from each other during the delays of 0, 6 minutes, 15 minutes, 1 hours and 7 days Especially from 0 to 15 minutes, recollection declined significantly, whereas automaticity declined unsignificantly It implied that implicit memory and explicit memory have different forgetting characters The results also showed that the effects of processing level on automaticity and recollection performance were different

Key words: implicit memory, explicit memory, forgetting