ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办：中国科学院心理研究所
出版：科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2016, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (6): 974-984.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2016.00974

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

应激对风险和社会决策的影响

杨群1; 李煜1; 孙得琳2,5; Tatia M. C. LEE2,3,4   

  1. (1杭州师范大学教育学院心理学系, 杭州 311121) (2香港大学神经心理学实验室; 3香港大学认知情感神经科学实验室; 4香港大学脑与认知科学国家重点实验室, 香港) (5美国Duke-UNC脑成像分析中心)
  • 收稿日期:2015-07-22 出版日期:2016-06-15 发布日期:2016-06-15
  • 通讯作者: Tatia M. C. LEE, E-mail: tmclee@hku.hk
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(31440046, 31500907)和浙江省“之江青年社科学者行动计划”项目资助。

The effects of stress on risky and social decision making

YANG Qun1; LI Yu1; SUN Delin2,5; LEE Tatia M. C.2,3,4   

  1. (1 Department of Psychology, School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China) (2 Laboratory of Neuropsychology; 3 Laboratory of Cognitive Affective Neuroscience; 4 The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China) (5 Duke-UNC Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA)
  • Received:2015-07-22 Online:2016-06-15 Published:2016-06-15
  • Contact: Tatia M. C. LEE, E-mail: tmclee@hku.hk

PDF (PC)

3100

被引次数

6

摘要：

应激是有机体在受到真实或者潜在的威胁刺激时所表现出来的全身性非特异性反应, 伴随着紧张和焦虑的心理体验, 交感神经系统的兴奋, 糖皮质激素分泌的增多以及脑干−边缘系统−前额叶神经环路的改变。应激对个体在风险决策行为中的风险寻求和风险回避倾向, 社会决策行为中的利己和利他倾向都会产生重要影响。策略使用异常、习惯化和自动化反应增强、反馈学习过程以及奖惩敏感性的改变是应激影响决策行为的认知基础; 应激激素的分泌, 及杏仁核、前额叶等在决策过程发挥重要作用的脑区活动的改变则为应激作用于决策行为的神经基础。未来研究应重点关注：应激的个体差异与应激对决策影响效应多样性的关系; 综合多种指标对应激进行测量; 考察应激的时序效应; 揭示个体的最佳应激水平; 加强对慢性应激影响决策以及应激对决策影响效应可逆性的研究; 揭示应激影响决策的神经机制。

关键词: 应激, 特里尔社会应激测试, 风险决策, 社会决策

Abstract:

Stress refers to systematically nonspecific reactions to actual or potential threats. It is accompanied with psychological experiences of nervousness and anxiety, excitation of the sympathetic nervous system, increment of glucocorticoid, and alternations in the brainstem-limbic-prefrontal neural circuit. Stress significantly influences risk-seeking and risk-aversive behaviors in risky decision making as well as proself and prosocial behaviors in social decision making. The cognitive basis of stress’s influences on decision making are formed by dysfunctional strategies, an increase of habitual and automatic responses, alterations in feedback processing and changes in reward and punishment sensitivity. On the other hand, the neural foundations of stress’s influences on decision making are formed by secretion of stress hormones and brain activation changes in areas that are crucial in decision making, such as prefrontal cortex, amygdala. Future studies should focus on the following topics: 1) revealing the relationship between individual differences in stress and diverse effects of stress on decision making; 2) measuring stress with multiple indexes; 3) investigating the temporal course of stress; 4) uncovering an individual’s optimal stress level; 5) strengthening research about the influence of chronic stress on decision making and the reversible effects; 6) unlocking the neural mechanism of how stress affects decision making.

Key words: stress, trier social stress test, risky decision making, social decision making