ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办：中国科学院心理研究所
出版：科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2015, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (8): 1398-1408.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2015.01398

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

发展性障碍儿童的脑发育特点及干预

丁颖1,2;李燕芳1,2;邹雨晨1   

  1. (1北京师范大学脑与认知科学研究院, 北京师范大学认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室 北京 100875)
    (2中国基础教育质量监测协同创新中心, 北京 100875)
  • 收稿日期:2014-10-22 出版日期:2015-08-15 发布日期:2015-08-15
  • 通讯作者: 李燕芳, E-mail: liyanfang@bnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(14YJA190006)、北京市社会科学基金青年项目(14JYC029)、北京市社科联青年社科人才项目(2014SKL021)。

Brain Development of Children with Neurocognitive Developmental Disorders and Implications for Intervention

DING Ying1,2; LI Yanfang1,2; ZOU Yuchen1   

  1. (1 School of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Cognitive
    Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)
    (2 National Innovation Center for Assessment of Basic Education Quality, Beijing 100875, China)
  • Received:2014-10-22 Online:2015-08-15 Published:2015-08-15
  • Contact: LI Yanfang, E-mail: liyanfang@bnu.edu.cn

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摘要：

 随着发展认知神经科学的兴起, 研究者借助脑成像等技术探讨了发展性障碍儿童的脑结构发育特点, 发展缺陷与脑功能损伤的关系以及障碍干预和脑功能改善的机制等, 这为揭示发展性障碍儿童异常神经机制的共性和特异性, 进而为早期诊断和干预提供了重要的生物学标记。针对儿童期常见的发展性障碍, 从脑结构损伤、脑激活异常、脑网络连接和脑功能康复等方面对相关研究进行了总结, 指出未来研究应拓展角度, 注重揭示各发展性障碍之间异常脑发育特点的共性和特异性的具体表现、病理机制及基因基础等; 临床工作者应注重将脑发育的异常和功能改善用于辅助各类障碍的早期识别和干预效果评估。

关键词: 发展性障碍儿童, 脑发育, 脑结构, 脑功能, 干预

Abstract:

With the emergence of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, researchers began to employ neuropsychological technologies to investigate the structural and functional brain abnormalities in children with developmental disabilities, and explored the relationship between intervention and brain plasticity. These empirical findings not only revealed the pathogenesis of children with developmental disabilities but also provided significant supports for precisely diagnosing and intervening developmental defects at early age. By summarizing the studies about brain development of several common developmental disorders in childhood, it is indicated that the future studies need to distinguish the generality and specificity of brain developmental characteristics among children with different developmental disabilities, to adopt the integrative study of gene-environment- brain-behavior, and to take the abnormalities and improvements of brain function as important indices for early diagnosis and intervention.

Key words:  developmental disorders, brain development, structural brain, functional brain, intervention