ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办:中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6): 1122-1130.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2021.01122

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

竞赛压力、注意控制与运动表现关系的理论演进

孙国晓1, 张力为2()   

  1. 1山东大学体育学院, 济南 250061
    22北京体育大学心理学院, 北京 100084
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-23 出版日期:2021-06-15 发布日期:2021-04-25
  • 通讯作者: 张力为 E-mail:liweizhang@hotmail.com
  • 基金资助:
    国社科后期资助项目“竞赛压力与注意控制的理论演进与发展”(19FTYB008)

Theory evolution of the relationship between competitive pressure, attentional control and sports performance

SUN Guoxiao1, ZHANG Liwei2()   

  1. 1School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
    2School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
  • Received:2020-09-23 Online:2021-06-15 Published:2021-04-25
  • Contact: ZHANG Liwei E-mail:liweizhang@hotmail.com

摘要:

竞赛压力及其引发的紧张焦虑对运动员的竞技状态有重要影响。注意控制理论(attentional control theory, ACT)从注意控制角度解释焦虑如何影响操作表现。阐述了ACT的历史演变过程和基本假设, 梳理了ACT在运动领域的适用性检验和基于ACT的拓展研究, 引出了ACT的发展理论——运动注意控制理论, 进而分析了其与挑战-威胁生物心理社会模型和自我控制力量模型的整合链接点, 提出了“压力-资源-注意控制整合模型”, 以更好地理解竞赛压力、注意控制与运动表现之间的关系。

关键词: 注意控制理论, 挑战-威胁生物心理社会模型, 自我控制的力量模型, 竞赛压力, 运动表现

Abstract:

Competitive pressure and anxiety have a significant impact on athletes' performance. Attentional control theory explains how anxiety affects performance from the perspective of top-down attentional control. The evolution and development of attentional control theory was unfolded in this paper. First, its historical evolution from the cognitive interference theory and processing efficiency theory was reviewed. Second, the empirical research examining the basic assumptions of attentional control theory in sports field, and the extended research based on these hypotheses were introduced. Third, the developmental theory - attentional control theory: sport was introduced. Finally, the interlinkage of this new theory with the biopsychosocial model of challenge and threat and the strength model of self-control was analyzed, and a “pressure-resource-attentional control integration model” was proposed. The integration model will contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between competitive pressure, attentional control and sports performance.

Key words: attentional control theory, biopsychosocial model of challenge and threat, the strength model of self-control, competitive pressure, sports performance

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