如何预测她会拥有“花心”男友?女性童年环境对其伴侣短期择偶策略的预测机制

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2024.01512

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究基于生命史理论和父亲投资理论, 探讨从童年环境到女性拥有“花心”伴侣的预测机制。研究1采用问卷法, 以250名有恋爱经历的未婚女性为研究对象, 结果显示：童年环境不可预测性调节童年父女关系和女性自感配偶价值间的关系; 当童年环境的不可预测性较低时, 童年父爱缺乏将通过女性自感配偶价值的中介作用进而预测其男友的短期择偶策略偏好。研究2采用实验启动童年父女关系的途径, 以169名未婚女性为被试, 因变量改为女性对伴侣短期择偶策略的容忍度, 再次支持了研究1的模型。基于上述结果, 本研究提出“父亲投资敏感度限制假说”和“童年环境社会化假说”, 以期揭示童年环境对个体生命史策略的塑造机制。

关键词: 生命史理论, 父亲投资理论, 母亲社会化假说, 自感配偶价值, 短期择偶策略

Abstract:

Drawing on Life History Theory and Paternal Investment Theory, it can be inferred that childhood environments, which include harshness, unpredictability, and parent-offspring relationships, can predict offspring’s reproductive strategies as adults. Moreover, according to Parental Investment Theory, it is generally observed that males prefer short-term mating strategies while females opt for long-term mating strategies. However, in practice, some women still choose or have romantic partners who exhibit a preference for short-term mating strategy. An intriguing question arising from this observation is whether it can be predicted from childhood environments how some women eventually have romantic partners with a higher level of short-term mating strategy. To date, few existing literatures have explored this topic.

This research aims to explore the aforementioned question based on Life History Theory and its derivative, Paternal Investment Theory. In Study 1, questionnaires were collected online from 250 female participants (M_age = 22.75, SD = 2.50) who had romantic experiences. Data were analyzed using SPSS v22.0 and PROCESS 21.5 (Model 10). Results indicated that childhood unpredictability significantly moderated the relationship between childhood father-daughter relationships and adult females’ perceived mate value. Additionally, females’ perceived mate value mediated the relationship between the father-daughter relationship in childhood and their romantic partners’ short-term mating preferences, but only under conditions of stability (low levels of childhood unpredictability regardless of childhood harshness) or severe adversity (high levels of both unpredictability and harshness).

In Study 2, experimental priming of the childhood father-daughter relationship was employed with 169 unmarried female participants (M_age = 21.43, SD = 2.04). The variable of childhood harshness was excluded due to its insignificant main and interactive effects observed in Study 1. Results (PROCESS 21.5, Model 8) from Study 2 demonstrated that childhood unpredictability moderated the relationship between the childhood father-daughter relationship and females’ perceived mate value, corroborating the findings from Study 1. Furthermore, results supported the mediating role of females’ perceived mate value in the relationship between childhood father-daughter relationships and participants’ tolerance of their romantic partners’ short-term mating preferences, but only under conditions where the level of childhood unpredictability ranged from low to moderate.

Conclusion: The childhood father-daughter relationship and childhood unpredictability can predict adult females’ perceived mate value interactively. Additionally, females’ childhood father-daughter relationship can predict their romantic partners’ short-term mating preferences through the mediating role of women’s perceived mate value, albeit under restricted conditions. Based on these findings, the “Daughter’s Conditional Sensitivity to Paternal Investment Hypothesis” and the “Childhood Environments Socialization Hypothesis” are proposed to explain how childhood experiences socialize individuals’ life history strategies.

Key words: life history theory, paternal investment theory, maternal socialization hypothesis, perceived mate value, short-term mating preference

中图分类号:

B849: C91

王燕, 孙芯芸, 杨茵贝. (2024). 如何预测她会拥有“花心”男友?女性童年环境对其伴侣短期择偶策略的预测机制. 心理学报, 56(11), 1512-1523.

WANG Yan, SUN Xinyun, YANG Yinbei. (2024). How to predict whether her romantic partner will be a playboy? The predictive roles of childhood environments on women’s romantic partners’ short-term mating preferences. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 56(11), 1512-1523.

图/表 8

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变量	M	SD	1	2	3	4	5
1 童年父女关系	4.58	1.80	1.00
2 童年环境艰苦性	5.56	1.27	0.15^*	1.00
3童年环境不可预测性	2.13	0.99	−0.49^**	−0.35^**	1.00
4自感配偶价值	5.41	1.01	0.18^**	0.07	−0.18^**	1.00
5男友的短期择偶策略偏好	2.70	1.54	−0.01	−0.45^**	0.08	−0.29^**	1.00

变量	M	SD	1	2	3	4	5
1 童年父女关系	4.58	1.80	1.00
2 童年环境艰苦性	5.56	1.27	0.15^*	1.00
3童年环境不可预测性	2.13	0.99	−0.49^**	−0.35^**	1.00
4自感配偶价值	5.41	1.01	0.18^**	0.07	−0.18^**	1.00
5男友的短期择偶策略偏好	2.70	1.54	−0.01	−0.45^**	0.08	−0.29^**	1.00

分组	间接效应量(b)	标准误 (SE)	95%置信区间下限(BootLLCI)	95%置信区间上限(BootULCI)	中介模型是否成立?
环境不可预测性低、环境艰苦性高	−0.05	0.03	−0.14	−0.001	成立
环境不可预测性低、环境艰苦性中等	−0.07	0.03	−0.14	−0.03	成立
环境不可预测性低、环境艰苦性低	−0.08	0.03	−0.16	−0.04	成立
环境不可预测性中、环境艰苦性高	−0.01	0.02	−0.06	0.04	不成立
环境不可预测性中、环境艰苦性中等	−0.02	0.02	−0.06	0.01	不成立
环境不可预测性中、环境艰苦性低	−0.04	0.02	−0.09	0.001	不成立
环境不可预测性高、环境艰苦性高	0.04	0.03	0.00	0.10	成立
环境不可预测性高、环境艰苦性中等	0.03	0.02	−0.01	0.08	不成立
环境不可预测性高、环境艰苦性低	0.01	0.03	−0.04	0.08	不成立

分组	间接效应量(b)	标准误 (SE)	95%置信区间下限(BootLLCI)	95%置信区间上限(BootULCI)	中介模型是否成立?
环境不可预测性低、环境艰苦性高	−0.05	0.03	−0.14	−0.001	成立
环境不可预测性低、环境艰苦性中等	−0.07	0.03	−0.14	−0.03	成立
环境不可预测性低、环境艰苦性低	−0.08	0.03	−0.16	−0.04	成立
环境不可预测性中、环境艰苦性高	−0.01	0.02	−0.06	0.04	不成立
环境不可预测性中、环境艰苦性中等	−0.02	0.02	−0.06	0.01	不成立
环境不可预测性中、环境艰苦性低	−0.04	0.02	−0.09	0.001	不成立
环境不可预测性高、环境艰苦性高	0.04	0.03	0.00	0.10	成立
环境不可预测性高、环境艰苦性中等	0.03	0.02	−0.01	0.08	不成立
环境不可预测性高、环境艰苦性低	0.01	0.03	−0.04	0.08	不成立

变量	M	SD	1	2	3	4
1 童年父女关系	0.53	0.50	1.00
2童年环境不可预测	2.31	1.16	−0.38^**	1.00
3自感配偶价值	5.06	1.06	0.25^**	−0.10	1.00
4对伴侣短期择偶偏好的容忍度	2.33	1.01	−0.17^*	0.15	−0.31^**	1.00