ISSN 0439-755X
CN 11-1911/B
主办：中国心理学会
　　　中国科学院心理研究所
出版：科学出版社

心理学报 ›› 2004, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (06): 718-731.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

中英青少年科学创造力发展的比较

胡卫平，Philip Adey，申继亮，林崇德   

  1. （山西师范大学课程与教学研究所，山西临汾：041004） （伦敦大学国王学院，英国） （北京师范大学发展心理研究所，北京：100875）
  • 收稿日期:2003-08-10 修回日期:1900-01-01 发布日期:2004-11-30 出版日期:2004-11-30
  • 通讯作者: 胡卫平

THE COMPARISONS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC CREATIVITY BETWEEN ENGLISH AND CHINESE ADOLESCENTS

Hu Weiping, Philip Adey, Shen Jiliang, Lin Chongde   

  1. (Shanxi Teachers’ University, Linfen 041004, China) (King’s College London, UK) (Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, China)
  • Received:2003-08-10 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2004-11-30 Published:2004-11-30
  • Contact: Hu Weiping

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摘要： 将中学生科学创造力测验施测于英国6所中学的1190名青少年及中国2所中学的1087名青少年的研究，得出如下结论：第一，青少年的科学创造力存在显著的年龄差异。随着年龄的增大，青少年的科学创造力呈持续上升趋势，但在14岁时要下降；11-13岁、14-16岁是青少年的科学创造力迅速发展的关键时期；第二，青少年的科学创造力存在性别差异。英国女生的科学创造力比男生强，差异显著；中国男生的科学创造力比女生强，差异不显著；第三，中英青少年的科学创造力存在显著的差异。在创造性的问题解决能力方面，中国青少年明显高于英国青少年，但中国青少年在其它方面的科学创造力及总成绩则明显低于英国青少年；第四，中国青少年的科学创造力存在显著的学校类型差异。重点中学学生的科学创造力显著高于普通中学学生的科学创造力。

关键词: 发展, 科学创造力, 英国青少年, 中国青少年, 比较

Abstract: This study administered the Scientific Creativity Test for Secondary School Students to 1190 adolescents aged 11 to 15 from 6 suburban middle schools in England and 1087 adolescents aged 12 to18 from 2 suburban middle schools in China. Result indicated that: (1) the age difference of scientific creativity of adolescents is marked. It has increasing tendency, but decreases at 14. The key periods for the rapid development of adolescents’ scientific creativity are from 11 to 13 and from 14 to 16 years old. (2) The scientific creativity of adolescents has sex difference. English females’ scientific creativity is evidently superior to males’. But Chinese males’ scientific creativity is superior to females’, and the difference is not remarkable. Based on this result and other studies, we proposed the culture model of sex difference of scientific creativity. (3) There is marked difference in scientific creativity between Chinese and English adolescents. Chinese adolescents’ creative problem solving ability is evidently superior to that of English adolescents. But English adolescents’ other scientific creativity and whole scientific creativity are evidently superior to that of Chinese adolescents. (4) There is marked difference in scientific creativity among students in different kind of Chinese schools. Key-middle-school-subjects’ scientific creativity is evidently superior to that of ordinary-middle-school-subjects. The authors think school environment and school education are more important than school type to the development of scientific creativity.

Key words: development, scientific creativity, English adolescents, Chinese adolescents, comparison

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