ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办：中国科学院心理研究所
出版：科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2015, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (9): 1508-1513.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2015.01508 cstr: 32111.14.2015.01508

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

不可信面孔在视知觉加工中的注意偏向：来自眼动的证据

王乾东1,2;李庆功1;陈凯凯1;傅根跃1,3   

  1. (1浙江师范大学心理系, 金华 321004) (2北京大学-清华大学生命科学联合中心, 北京 100871) (3杭州师范大学心理系, 杭州 311121)
  • 收稿日期:2015-02-28 出版日期:2015-09-15 发布日期:2015-09-15
  • 基金资助:

    浙江省自然科学基金项目(LQ12C09001); 国家自然科学基金项目(31400890)。

Attentional Bias to Untrustworthy Faces: Evidence From Eye Tracking Data

WANG Qiandong1,2; LI Qinggong1; CHEN Kaikai1; FU Genyue1,3   

  1. (1 Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China) (2 Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China) (3 Department of Psychology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China)
  • Received:2015-02-28 Online:2015-09-15 Published:2015-09-15

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摘要：

使用眼动追踪技术探究个体对同时呈现的可信和不可信面孔的视知觉加工差异, 以及注意偏向与可信和不可信面孔的记忆关系。结果发现：(1)被试再认不可信面孔成绩要好于可信面孔; (2)首注视点更多地偏向于不可信面孔, 并且落在不可信面孔上的总注视时间/注视点个数更长/多; (3)回归分析表明首注视点偏向能预测不可信面孔的再认优势。结果表明人们对不可信面孔产生更多的注意警觉与维持, 并且对不可信面孔的警觉能预测不可信面孔的记忆优势。

关键词: 面孔可信度, 注意偏向, 眼动, 记忆

Abstract:

Individuals’ attention and memory biases to untrustworthy faces, and the relationship between them were explored in this study. In encoding phase, one trustworthy face and one untrustworthy face were presented simultaneously to undergraduate participants, while their gaze behavior (i.e., fixation duration, number of fixations) during face viewing was assessed. After the encoding phase, the participants underwent a test of recognizing the previously presented faces. The test was not expected by the participants. The results showed that: (1) in the encoding phase, the participants were more likely to direct their initial fixation toward untrustworthy faces than trustworthy faces, and spend more fixations on untrustworthy faces than trustworthy faces; (2) in the recognition task, the participants were more accurate in recognizing untrustworthy faces than trustworthy faces; (3) regression analyses indicated that initial fixation preference to untrustworthy faces had a significant effect on advantage in recognizing untrustworthy faces. Our results indicated that people show attentional vigilance and attentional maintenance towards untrustworthy faces compared with trustworthy faces, and attentional vigilance to untrustworthy faces may account for enhanced recall of untrustworthy faces.

Key words: trustworthiness, attentional bias, eye movement, memory