经皮迷走神经刺激对抑制控制的调节机制

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1042.2022.02269

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年众多研究表明, 经皮迷走神经刺激(tVNS)作为一种新型、非侵入式的神经调控技术对个体的抑制控制功能具有积极的调节作用。已有研究发现, tVNS对抑制控制的调节作用可能是通过调控蓝斑核-去甲肾上腺素系统(LC-NE)的活动和神经递质GABA的浓度来实现的。然而, 目前对tVNS调控抑制控制的神经机制仍存在诸多尚未明确的问题。未来研究在进一步优化tVNS的刺激参数后, 可以从tVNS对抑制控制能力受损群体的调控作用及机制、如何实现和增强tVNS长期积极效应等方面进行深入探索。

关键词: 经皮迷走神经刺激, 抑制控制, LC-NE系统, GABA, 生物标记物

Abstract:

Transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation (tVNS) is a new, safe and non-invasive brain nerve stimulation regulation technology. It applies intermittent pulse electrical stimulation to the vagus nerve branches in the human outer ear, allowing electrical signals noninvasively transmitted into the brain through the vagus nerve pathway, so as to regulate on cerebral cortical activity and related neurobiochemical markers. Previous studies have found that tVNS has a positive regulatory effect on inhibitory control.

At present, there are two views on how tVNS regulates inhibitory control. One is that tVNS regulates the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system (LC-NE), and then the activity of the LC-NE system directly regulates the performance in inhibitory control tasks. The other is that tVNS promotes the release of the neurotransmitter g-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and the changes of GABA concentration plays an important regulatory effect on the inhibitory control. After summarizing and reviewing the behavioral and physiological regulation effects of tVNS on inhibitory control, we further elucidated the neurobiochemical mechanism of tVNS regulating inhibitory control and the problems of previous literatures. We suggested that future research should further clarify the regulation effect and mechanism of tVNS on inhibitory control, and provide reliable theoretical basis and data support for basic research and clinical application of tVNS.

In the future, we can further construct studies from the following three aspects. Firstly, the parameter settings of tVNS should be continuously optimized, because of the results of previous studies are difficult to compare due to the differences in experimental tasks, stimulation modes and subject groups. To determine the optimal parameter, researchers should standardize the operation process of tVNS, and conduct a systematic comparative study on the setting of related stimulation parameters such as stimulation position, intensity, pulse width, frequency. Secondly, tVNS has great potential in promoting the recovery of inhibitory control functions, and thus future study should more focus on the regulation of tVNS on inhibitory control in healthy population, and strengthen the discussion and research on groups with impaired or declined inhibitory function. Finally, tVNS is not only a scientific research tool but also a promising and valuable intervention technology to explore the long-term positive effects of tVNS on inhibitory control in delaying cognitive aging, promoting cognitive development and treating neurological and psychiatric diseases. Therefore, future research can explore the long-term positive effect of tVNS on inhibitory function, and how to maintain or enhance this long-term positive effect.

Key words: tVNS, inhibitory control, LC-NE, GABA, biomarkers

中图分类号:

B845

王榕, 陈小异, 杜雪, 蒋军. (2022). 经皮迷走神经刺激对抑制控制的调节机制. 心理科学进展 , 30(10), 2269-2277.

WANG Rong, CHEN Xiaoyi, DU Xue, JIANG Jun. (2022). The regulatory mechanism of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation on inhibition control. Advances in Psychological Science, 30(10), 2269-2277.

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