基于正念的干预与自我同情的关系：一项元分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1042.2021.01808

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

运用元分析方法对国内外有关基于正念的干预与自我同情的关系问题进行了探讨, 通过文献检索, 纳入文献65篇, 总样本量为8103。异质性检验发现, 选择随机效应模型比较合适; 敏感性分析显示, 使用One-study removed逐步删除异质性较高研究, 基于正念的干预与自我同情呈显著正相关; 次群体检验表明, 基于正念的干预与自我同情关系受对比方式的调节与影响, 但不受群体和测量工具的影响。研究结果表明, 正念对自我同情水平会产生不同程度的积极影响, 同时随着对比方式的不同对基于正念的干预与自我同情的关系会产生不同的调节作用, 而群体和测量工具对基于正念的干预与自我同情的关系并无调节效应。

关键词: 正念, 自我同情, 干预结果, 元分析

Abstract:

Both mindfulness and self-compassion have positive effects on mental health, and the relationship between them has always been the focus of researchers. And mindfulness and self-compassion are also closely related. Previous research has found that mindfulness can predict an individual's level of self-compassion, a component of which also includes mindfulness. However, different studies used the same two variables to measure, and the correlation coefficient between mindfulness and self-compassion was significantly different. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the reasons for the large correlation coefficient difference between mindfulness and self-compassion. In this study, meta-analysis method was adopted, combined with empirical research results from global research, to deeply explore the relationship between mindfulness-based interventions and self-compassion in different groups and different contrast ways, as well as the factors that affect the relationship between them.

Through a comprehensive search of Chinese and English literature up to November 2020, a total of 65 literature were finally included in this meta-analysis, including 62 English literature and 3 Chinese literature, and 99 independent effects were obtained, with a total sample size of 8103. In addition, 22 articles were included in the literature using horizontal comparison, 42 articles using longitudinal comparison; 16 articles using follow-up comparison. This paper mainly used Pearson correlation coefficient r as the effect value, and the effect value of the literature was coded as an effect value for each independent sample. If a paper reported multiple independent samples at the same time, the effect value would be coded separately to generate multiple independent effect sizes. After testing the publication bias through funnel plot, Rosenthals Classic Fail-safe N test, and Egger's test, it is found that there was no publication bias. After the heterogeneous test, the article also has high heterogeneity, so the analysis after the random effect model is selected. Sensitivity analysis showed that the degree of heterogeneity was effectively reduced after using One-study removed to gradually delete the research with higher heterogeneity, but regardless of the degree of heterogeneity, the intervention based on mindfulness was positively correlated with self-sympathy. This study discussed the moderating effects of different contrast methods (horizontal comparison, longitudinal comparison, follow-up comparison), sample groups (students, health care related workers, social related workers), and measurement tools (SCS, SCS-SF) on the relationship between mindfulness and self-compassion. The subgroup test showed that the relationship between mindfulness-based intervention and self-compassion was influenced by the moderating effect of contrast style, but not by the sample group or measurement tool.

The results showed that the mindfulness-based intervention had a significant positive correlation with self-compassion, and the mindfulness-based intervention had a positive impact on the level of self-compassion. The relationship between the mindfulness-based intervention and self-compassion was affected by the way of measurement comparison, but did not have a significant moderating relationship with the group and the measurement tool. The reason why there is such a big difference among many domestic and foreign studies is probably due to the difference of measurement methods and the difference caused by the in unity of measurement methods. Overall, in many experimental studies on the relationship between mindfulness and self-compassion, no matter which contrast method is used for measurement, the individual's level of self-compassion has increased after mindfulness-based intervention.

Key words: mindfulness, self-compassion, intervention outcome, meta-analysis

中图分类号:

R395

孙腾巍, 颜宇娴, 靳宇倡, 安俊秀. (2021). 基于正念的干预与自我同情的关系：一项元分析. 心理科学进展 , 29(10), 1808-1828.

SUN Tengwei, YAN Yuxian, JIN Yuchang, AN Junxiu. (2021). Effects of mindfulness-based interventions on self-compassion: A meta-analysis. Advances in Psychological Science, 29(10), 1808-1828.

图/表 10

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结果变量	K	Classic Fail-safe N	FSR	Egger's Intercept	SE	LL	UL	ρ
自我同情	99	42311	140.57	0.30	0.78	-1.24	1.85	0.70
自我同情 (横向对比)	24	1143	13.66	-0.93	0.61	-2.19	0.34	0.14
自我同情 (纵向对比)	42	5148	42.79	0.26	1.43	-2.62	3.14	0.86
自我同情 (随访对比)	16	1713	20.37	1.90	4.14	-6.98	10.78	0.65

结果变量	K	Classic Fail-safe N	FSR	Egger's Intercept	SE	LL	UL	ρ
自我同情	99	42311	140.57	0.30	0.78	-1.24	1.85	0.70
自我同情 (横向对比)	24	1143	13.66	-0.93	0.61	-2.19	0.34	0.14
自我同情 (纵向对比)	42	5148	42.79	0.26	1.43	-2.62	3.14	0.86
自我同情 (随访对比)	16	1713	20.37	1.90	4.14	-6.98	10.78	0.65

结果变量	K	Q	df	ρ	I²(%)	τ²	H²
自我同情	99	552.60	98	<0.001	81.50	0.089	11.76
自我同情 (横向对比)	24	66.13	23	<0.001	65.22	0.014	2.88
自我同情 (纵向对比)	42	204.54	41	<0.001	79.87	0.099	9.87
自我同情 (随访对比)	16	156.06	15	<0.001	89.35	0.316	27.40

结果变量	K	Q	df	ρ	I²(%)	τ²	H²
自我同情	99	552.60	98	<0.001	81.50	0.089	11.76
自我同情 (横向对比)	24	66.13	23	<0.001	65.22	0.014	2.88
自我同情 (纵向对比)	42	204.54	41	<0.001	79.87	0.099	9.87
自我同情 (随访对比)	16	156.06	15	<0.001	89.35	0.316	27.40

群体	K	r	95% CI	I²	Q_w	Q_b	ρ
学生	32	0.34	0.32~0.30	81.14	164.34***	1.41	0.494
医护相关工作者	30	0.44	0.43~0.49	86.58	847.97***
社会相关工作者	12	0.36	0.31~0.39	65.48	31.86***