冲突解决过程中认知控制的注意调节机制 *

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1042.2018.00966

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

认知控制在冲突解决过程中起到重要的调节作用。相关理论大多结合任务相关刺激的加工增强和任务无关刺激的加工抑制进行解释, 但近年来受到实证研究的挑战。综述了冲突解决中增强和抑制两种调节机制的争论和相应的实证证据, 同时指出认知控制的调节机制可能受到冲突情境和个体自身等因素的影响。未来的研究应更多关注认知控制调节机制的影响因素, 加强认知加工策略和认知训练的探究, 为认知功能受损群体的干预提供依据。

关键词: 认知控制, 冲突解决, 注意, 增强, 抑制

Abstract:

Cognitive control is essential in conflict processing. Most related theories elucidated the mechanism via integrating both the enhancement of task-relevant stimuli and inhibition of task-irrelevant stimuli, which has been challenged by recent studies. We reviewed the major debates on whether enhancement or inhibition might be the mechanism and their empirical evidences, and then argued that conflict resolution mechanisms might not be constant, but depend on conflict situation and individual state. Future studies could pay more attention to reveal the influence factors of cognitive control, exploring cognitive processing strategies and doing cognitive training, which may benefit the intervention treatment of the cognitive function disorders.

Key words: cognitive control, conflict resolution, attention, enhancement, inhibition

中图分类号:

B842

李政汉, 杨国春, 南威治, 李琦, 刘勋. (2018). 冲突解决过程中认知控制的注意调节机制 ^*. 心理科学进展 , 26(6), 966-974.

LI Zhenghan, YANG Guochun, NAN Weizhi, LI Qi, LIU Xun. (2018). Attentional regulation mechanisms of cognitive control in conflict resolution. Advances in Psychological Science, 26(6), 966-974.

图/表 3

图1 色-词加工的神经网络模型(改自: Herd et al., 2006) 注：g：绿色; r：红色; o：其他颜色; G：字词“绿”; R：字词“红”; O：其他字词; gr：对“绿”反应; rd：对“红”反应; ot：对其他内容反应; cn：颜色命名任务; wr：词汇阅读任务; c：颜色任务单元。

图2 HT选择性注意模型(改自: Houghton & Tipper, 1996)

图3 学习模型 (改自: Verguts & Notebaert, 2008)注：T1：第一个任务; T2：第二个任务; T1r：第一个任务中的任务相关刺激特征; T1i：第一个任务中的任务无关刺激特征; T2r：第二个任务中的任务相关刺激特征; T2i：第二个任务中的任务无关刺激特征; R1-R4：不同的应答单元; ACC：前扣带皮层

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