心理科学进展 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (8): 1541-1552.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2023.01541
• 研究前沿 • 上一篇
魏新东1,3, 张凯丽2,3, 傅绪荣4, 汪凤炎2,3()
收稿日期:
2022-09-27
出版日期:
2023-08-15
发布日期:
2023-05-12
通讯作者:
汪凤炎, E-mail: fywangjx8069@163.com基金资助:
WEI Xindong1,3, ZHANG Kaili2,3, FU Xurong4, WANG Fengyan2,3()
Received:
2022-09-27
Online:
2023-08-15
Published:
2023-05-12
摘要:
荣誉文化与面子文化虽都较重视个体行为应尽量符合社会期望及相应的社会文化规范, 但它们有诸多差异。“尊严-荣誉-面子”三分框架下荣誉文化的自我价值来源包括同等重要的自我认知与他人评价, 而面子文化以他人评价为主; 荣誉文化社会等级结构不稳定, 讲究竞争、暴力与美德并重, 面子文化社会等级较稳定, 讲究谦虚、和谐与合作。本土概念下荣誉中自我形象与社会形象相对一致, 包括道德、性别与家庭荣誉等维度, 会以暴力手段捍卫荣誉; 面子中自我形象与社会形象通常不一致, 主要包括道德与社会成就, 表现为挣面子与避免丢面子两个维度, 注重彰显地位与维护权威。在此基础上, 从都较重视社会规范的“理一”视角出发, 将两个文化的“分殊”之处归为社会文化规范的道德化与工具化, 并基于此提出两点展望: 改善测量工具; 探究不同文化变迁内容对社会规范道德化和工具化的影响。
中图分类号:
魏新东, 张凯丽, 傅绪荣, 汪凤炎. (2023). 荣誉文化与面子文化:三分框架与本土概念视角下的比较. 心理科学进展 , 31(8), 1541-1552.
WEI Xindong, ZHANG Kaili, FU Xurong, WANG Fengyan. (2023). Honor culture and face culture: A comparison through the lens of the dignity, honor, and face cultural framework and indigenous social theory. Advances in Psychological Science, 31(8), 1541-1552.
比较类别 | 荣誉文化 | 面子文化 | |
---|---|---|---|
基于三分框架研究 | |||
划分依据 | 自我价值来源 | 自我认知与他人评价同等重要 | 他人评价为主 |
社会结构 | 等级不稳定 | 等级稳定 | |
文化实践 | 行为表现 | 暴力与美德为主且呈正相关 | 合作谦虚和谐, 且暴力与美德无关 |
情绪反应 | 愤怒与羞愧为主且呈正相关 | 羞愧为主, 且愤怒与羞愧无关 | |
常用互动策略 | 竞争性策略 | 合作性策略 | |
基于本土概念研究 | |||
内涵与维度 | 自我形象与社会形象 | 较高一致性 | 通常不一致 |
具体维度 | 道德、性别与家庭荣誉守则 | 道德与社会成就 | |
文化实践 | 行为表现 | 以暴力手段捍卫声誉与地位 | 彰显地位与权威导向 |
共享范围 | 家族荣誉 | 情境性与较大弹性 | |
内外群体区别 | 内群体与外群体均遵循荣誉守则 | 内群体注重和谐互相维护避免“丢面子”, 外群体竞争以挣面子 |
表1 荣誉文化与面子文化的比较
比较类别 | 荣誉文化 | 面子文化 | |
---|---|---|---|
基于三分框架研究 | |||
划分依据 | 自我价值来源 | 自我认知与他人评价同等重要 | 他人评价为主 |
社会结构 | 等级不稳定 | 等级稳定 | |
文化实践 | 行为表现 | 暴力与美德为主且呈正相关 | 合作谦虚和谐, 且暴力与美德无关 |
情绪反应 | 愤怒与羞愧为主且呈正相关 | 羞愧为主, 且愤怒与羞愧无关 | |
常用互动策略 | 竞争性策略 | 合作性策略 | |
基于本土概念研究 | |||
内涵与维度 | 自我形象与社会形象 | 较高一致性 | 通常不一致 |
具体维度 | 道德、性别与家庭荣誉守则 | 道德与社会成就 | |
文化实践 | 行为表现 | 以暴力手段捍卫声誉与地位 | 彰显地位与权威导向 |
共享范围 | 家族荣誉 | 情境性与较大弹性 | |
内外群体区别 | 内群体与外群体均遵循荣誉守则 | 内群体注重和谐互相维护避免“丢面子”, 外群体竞争以挣面子 |
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