多源评价的特点与内在机制

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1042.2018.01131

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

多源评价在国外企业中的运用已日益成熟, 但在我国还停留在探索与发展阶段。基于已有的研究发现, 围绕评价过程、评价源及被评价者三方面对多源评价的特点及内在机制进行了探讨与分析。从评价过程看, 其评价目的具有多重性, 评价形式注重匿名性, 且评价结果的合理应用非常重要; 从评价源看, 不同评价源间的评价一致性较低, 且易造成晕轮效应和宽大效应; 从被评价者来看, 个体对多源评价结果的反应, 受到个性特征、反馈信号及自我-他人评价间差距等因素影响。研究也发现, 多源评价所带来的绩效改进结果具有不稳定性。基于此, 如何提高多源评价过程的有效性与准确性, 改善评价者对评价结果的反应, 以及如何对多源评价结果进行有效汇总等是未来值得研究的重要内容。

关键词: 多源评价, 评价一致性, 评价偏误

Abstract:

Although the multisource feedback in foreign enterprises has become mature, it is still underdeveloped in China. Based on extant studies, we discuss and analyze the characteristics and internal mechanism of multisource feedback through three constructs, including appraisal process, rater sources, and ratee. From the perspective of appraisal process, multisource feedback has various objectives, and it often preserves the anonymity of raters as well as managers should pay attention to reasonably using appraisal results. In terms of the rater sources, the level of rating agreement between different raters is low, and raters often make halo error and leniency effect easily. From the view of ratee, the reaction of individuals to the feedback results is impacted by personality, feedback signal, and self-others agreement, etc. Additionally, the studies also show the influence of multisource feedback on performance is unstable. Based on these findings, there is a need for further study on how to enhance the validity and accuracy of appraisal process, improve individuals’ reaction, and summarize the results of multisource feedback.

Key words: multisource feedback, rating agreement, rating biases

中图分类号:

B849:C93

张赟, 翁清雄. (2018). 多源评价的特点与内在机制. 心理科学进展 , 26(6), 1131-1140.

ZHANG Yun, WENG Qingxiong. (2018). The analysis of characteristics and internal mechanisms of multisource feedback. Advances in Psychological Science, 26(6), 1131-1140.

图/表 3

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