反馈寻求行为的影响因素和本土化发展 *

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1042.2018.01121

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

反馈寻求行为是指个体积极主动地向上级或其他个体寻求与自身绩效、角色定位和工作目标等相关的反馈信息。研究者系统的梳理了反馈寻求行为的概念界定、测量方式、影响因素及实施效果, 强化了中国本土文化的权变作用。未来研究应继续完善反馈寻求行为的概念, 开发符合时代特征的测量工具, 拓展研究层次, 并结合中国特殊的组织情境, 对反馈寻求行为做进一步探讨。

关键词: 反馈, 反馈寻求行为, 积极反馈, 消极反馈, 中国本土文化

Abstract:

Feedback-seeking behavior refers to individuals proactively seek feedbacks about their performance, role position or job targets from other individuals or their leaders. This study systematically summarizes the existing literatures in aspects of the concept, measurement, influencing factors and consequences of feedback-seeking behavior, at the same time highlights the effects of Chinese indigenous culture. We identify that future study should try to improve the concept of feedback-seeking behavior, develop new measurement which fits into new cultural and economic background, expand research level to organization and team level, and take Chinese special organizational situation into consideration to make further discussion toward feedback-seeking behavior.

Key words: feedback, feedback-seeking behavior, positive feedback, negative feedback, Chinese organizational context

中图分类号:

B849: C93

张颖, 杨付. (2018). 反馈寻求行为的影响因素和本土化发展 ^*. 心理科学进展 , 26(6), 1121-1130.

ZHANG Ying, YANG Fu. (2018). Feedback-seeking behavior: Influencing factors and localization development. Advances in Psychological Science, 26(6), 1121-1130.

图/表 1

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研究者	编制背景和量表结构
Ashford (1986)	基于反馈寻求过程的视角, 开发了具有直接询问、间接监控和反馈寻求频率3个维度, 21个题项的初始量表。
Ashford & Tsui (1991)	在Ashford (1986)的初始量表的基础上新增了6个题项, 形成了包含积极反馈、消极反馈、直接询问和间接监控4个维度共20个题项的测量量表。
Morrison (1993)	在反馈寻求行为结构的基础上, 编制了具有4个题项的测量反馈寻求行为频率的量表。
Callister, Kramer, & Turban (1999)	该量表通过对Ashford最原始的量表进行修订, 形成了具有3个题项的测量员工向上级领导寻求反馈的新量表。
VandeWalle, Ganesan, Challagalla, & Brown (2000)	在只考虑通过直接询问的方式向上级领导寻求反馈的情况下, 开发具有5个题项的测量量表。
Gupta, Govindarajan, & Malhotra (1999)	从经理反馈寻求的角度, 开发了具有7个题项的测量经理人反馈寻求行为的测量量表。
Yanagizawa (2008)	基于对目标达成情况的考察, 编制了由员工自评的具有6个题项的反馈寻求量表, 该量表突出了反馈源及反馈寻求目的。
Krasman (2010)	基于反馈寻求目标的视角, 开发了具有4个题项的量表, 其中两个测量面向领导的反馈寻求行为, 另两个测量面向同事的反馈寻求行为。
Krasman (2012)	在Krasman (2010)的基础上, 增加了2个测量反馈源为文件(例如手册、备忘录)的反馈寻求行为题项, 形成了具有6个题项的测量量表。
Gong et al. (2017)	针对自我积极类、自我消极类、他人积极类和他人消极类四种类别的反馈寻求行为开发了具有24个题项的测量量表。
王宁, 周密, 赵西萍(2015)	结合Williams和Johnson (2000)及Roberson, Deitch, Brief和Block (2003)所开发的量表, 整合成了一套具有16个题项的同时测量直接询问和间接监控的量表。
Dahling & Whitaker (2016)	开发了具有4个题项的由上级领导填写的反馈寻求量表。

研究者	编制背景和量表结构
Ashford (1986)	基于反馈寻求过程的视角, 开发了具有直接询问、间接监控和反馈寻求频率3个维度, 21个题项的初始量表。
Ashford & Tsui (1991)	在Ashford (1986)的初始量表的基础上新增了6个题项, 形成了包含积极反馈、消极反馈、直接询问和间接监控4个维度共20个题项的测量量表。
Morrison (1993)	在反馈寻求行为结构的基础上, 编制了具有4个题项的测量反馈寻求行为频率的量表。
Callister, Kramer, & Turban (1999)	该量表通过对Ashford最原始的量表进行修订, 形成了具有3个题项的测量员工向上级领导寻求反馈的新量表。
VandeWalle, Ganesan, Challagalla, & Brown (2000)	在只考虑通过直接询问的方式向上级领导寻求反馈的情况下, 开发具有5个题项的测量量表。
Gupta, Govindarajan, & Malhotra (1999)	从经理反馈寻求的角度, 开发了具有7个题项的测量经理人反馈寻求行为的测量量表。
Yanagizawa (2008)	基于对目标达成情况的考察, 编制了由员工自评的具有6个题项的反馈寻求量表, 该量表突出了反馈源及反馈寻求目的。
Krasman (2010)	基于反馈寻求目标的视角, 开发了具有4个题项的量表, 其中两个测量面向领导的反馈寻求行为, 另两个测量面向同事的反馈寻求行为。
Krasman (2012)	在Krasman (2010)的基础上, 增加了2个测量反馈源为文件(例如手册、备忘录)的反馈寻求行为题项, 形成了具有6个题项的测量量表。
Gong et al. (2017)	针对自我积极类、自我消极类、他人积极类和他人消极类四种类别的反馈寻求行为开发了具有24个题项的测量量表。
王宁, 周密, 赵西萍(2015)	结合Williams和Johnson (2000)及Roberson, Deitch, Brief和Block (2003)所开发的量表, 整合成了一套具有16个题项的同时测量直接询问和间接监控的量表。
Dahling & Whitaker (2016)	开发了具有4个题项的由上级领导填写的反馈寻求量表。