ISSN 0439-755X
CN 11-1911/B
主办：中国心理学会
　　　中国科学院心理研究所
出版：科学出版社

心理学报 ›› 1998, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 161-166.

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内隐和外显记忆任务之间的实验性分离:刺激的不同呈现形式的作用

周仁来;佟长山;郑玉香   

  1. 辽宁师范大学教育系，沈阳师范学院教育系，辽宁大学经济管理学院
  • 发布日期:1998-06-25 出版日期:1998-06-25
  • 通讯作者: 周仁来

THE EXPERIMENTAL DISSOCIATION BETWEEN IMPLICIT AND EXPLICIT MEMORY TASKS: THE ROLE OF SURFACE FORMS ON TARGET STIMULUS

Zhou Renlai Tong Changshan Zheng Yuxiang (Education Department of Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116029)   

  • Online:1998-06-25 Published:1998-06-25

摘要： 通过操纵目标刺激的表面形式变化，在内隐（图形识别）和外显记忆任务（再认）之间，发现了实验性分离现象：图形识别任务受到了这种操纵的影响，再认任务则没有。同时发现，它们之间存在着依赖性的关系。对比相关研究，该实验结果表明，概念驱动任务对刺激的表面或知觉的物理特性表现出敏感性，是在刺激的编码阶段；数据驱动任务在编码阶段和提取阶段，均对其表现出敏感性，在刺激的提取阶段，这两种类型任务提取了刺激的某些共同成分。

关键词: 内隐记忆, 外显记忆, 启动刺激, 目标刺激

Abstract: This article compared the effect of picture fragmentation level at the test on performance in the tasks of implicit and explicit memory. The expedmental dissociation between these two types of tasks was discovered: the implicit task of picture identification was influenced by this manipulation, While the explicit task of yes/ no recognition was not. Also, the dependent relationship between these two tasks was discovered by successive tests. Contrast to relative studies, the results concluded that ( 1 ) conceptually-driven tasks were sensitive to surface information of the stimulus at the study, data-driven tasks were sensitive to them both at the study and the test, (2) during the test both conceptually-driven and data-driven tasks prossess similar components of stimulus.

Key words: implicit memory, explicit memory, prime stimulus, target stimulus