关键词: 变化盲视, 视觉搜索, 运动诱导盲视, 注意, 记忆表征

Abstract: Change blindness typically refers to the phenomenon where observers fail to realize and detect changes in objects or scenes when there is a brief visual interruption, restriction, or disturbance in the visual environment. However, subsequent extensive research has demonstrated that change blindness can occur even when there are valid transient visual signal changes in the scene. It is currently unclear whether change blindness of images of in traffic scenes in motion steering is influenced by attention, memory representations, or a combination of both? This study aims to investigate the mechanisms underlying change blindness by manipulating the movement speed of stimuli, movement time, and the level of route expectation. Using the method of global motion direction transients to induce change blindness, images of real traffic scenes with different change types were used as experimental stimuli. The image moves along a certain trajectory in the experiment, and the image also changes instantaneously at the moment of steering or at the midpoint of the straight line. In Experiment 1, a within-subjects design was conducted with 2 (movement speed: fast, slow) ×2 (movement path: turning motion, straight motion) × 3 (change type: deletion, addition, location changes). Forty subjects were asked to detect the target changes. In Experiment 2, the fast movement speed from Experiment 1 was used, a within-subjects design was adopted, featuring 2 (movement time: long, short) × 2 (movement path: turning motion, straight motion) × 3 (change type: deletion, addition, location changes). Thirty subjects were requested to detect the target changes. In Experiment 3, the fast movement speed was also used, a within-subjects design with 3 (movement path: high-expectation turning motion, low-expectation turning motion, straight motion) × 3 (change type: deletion, addition, location changes) was employed. Thirty-six subjects were required to detect the target changes. The results indicate that for change blindness during turning, enhancing movement speed (Experiment 1), decreasing movement time (Experiment 2), and lowering expectation level (Experiment 3) all exacerbate change blindness. In summary, change blindness in traffic-scene images during global motion direction transients arises from the interaction between competition for attentional resources and the limited capacity of memory representations. Expectations may endogenously modulate attentional allocation and the effective encoding of these representations, thereby influencing the likelihood of change blindness. These findings support and extend the attention–representation account of change blindness.

Key words: change blindness, visual search, motion-induced blindness(MIB), attention, memory representations