关键词: 运动视频游戏, 执行功能, 儿童, 运动强度, 认知参与

Abstract: Although executive functions continue to develop throughout the lifespan, childhood is widely regarded as the most critical period for their rapid development and plasticity. Sports video game training, an innovative method that combines sports with cognitive tasks, has shown promise. However, the effects of different combinations of sports and video game elements on children's executive functions, as well as the roles of cognitive engagement and exercise intensity, remain key issues that require further exploration in the motor-cognitive field. Therefore, this study aims to investigate which form of sports video game training is most beneficial for enhancing children's executive functions through two innovative intervention experiments. Experiment 1 involved 90 children with an average age of 11.34 ± 0.48 years, using a 3 (group: sports video game training, sports + video game training, and control group) × 3 (testing phase: pre-test, four-week post-test, and six-week post-test) mixed experimental design. The aim was to explore the impact of different combinations of sports video game training on various subcomponents of children's executive functions. Experiment 2, building on Experiment 1, involved 120 children with an average age of 12.44 ± 0.61 years. A 2 (sport intensity: high, low) × 2 (cognitive engagement: high, low) × 3 (testing phase: pre-test, four-week post-test, and six-week post-test) mixed experimental design was employed to further analyze the mechanisms through which sport intensity and cognitive engagement influence the effectiveness of sports video game training. The results of Experiment 1 showed that sports video game training significantly improved children's response inhibition and working memory updating abilities, with effects notably superior to those of sports + video game training. However, no significant training effects were observed in interference inhibition or attention switching. In Experiment 2, it was found that cognitive engagement had a more significant and lasting impact on response inhibition compared to sport intensity, suggesting that cognitive engagement may be a crucial factor in improving children's response inhibition abilities. In contrast, although both sport intensity and cognitive engagement significantly influenced the enhancement of children's working memory updating abilities, their interaction did not show a significant impact on cognitive improvement. In conclusion, this study revealed the significant effects and underlying mechanisms of sports video game training in enhancing children's executive functions. It not only enriches the theoretical foundation of the motor-cognitive field but also provides a novel intervention approach for educational practice. Future research should prioritize integrated training models, enhance the design of cognitive tasks, and adjust sport intensity according to individual differences to optimize training outcomes.

Key words: sports video game training, executive function, children, sport intensity, cognitive engagement