心理学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (9): 997-1006.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2018.00997
收稿日期:
2017-09-04
发布日期:
2018-07-27
出版日期:
2018-09-15
基金资助:
PENG Huini1, WU Jianhui1, SUN Xiaofang2, GUAN Qing1, LUO Yuejia1()
Received:
2017-09-04
Online:
2018-07-27
Published:
2018-09-15
摘要:
急性应激反应使得个体在紧急情况下迅速调动心理生理资源, 从而更好地面对当前的挑战。本研究采用特里尔社会应激测试(Trier Social Stress Test, TSST), 以心率和唾液皮质醇为应激反应指标, 在控制了性别、年龄和受教育时间三个人口学变量的条件下, 探讨特质焦虑对急性心理性应激反应的预测作用。结果发现:(1) TSST成功地诱发了被试的应激反应, 表现为心率加快和唾液皮质醇含量升高; (2)分层回归结果显示, 特质焦虑对急性应激状态下的心率变化具有预测作用, 对唾液皮质醇变化的预测效应未达到显著水平。上述结果表明特质焦虑和急性应激反应的快反应指标——交感神经系统——密切相关, 特质焦虑水平越高, 急性应激状态下的交感神经系统反应越小。特质焦虑水平较高的个体可能由于长期的焦虑造成心肌细胞的过度消耗, 从而导致急性应激反应受限。
中图分类号:
彭惠妮, 吴健辉, 孙小方, 关青, 罗跃嘉. (2018). 特质焦虑对急性心理性应激反应的预测 *. 心理学报, 50(9), 997-1006.
PENG Huini, WU Jianhui, SUN Xiaofang, GUAN Qing, LUO Yuejia. (2018). Trait anxiety predicts the response to acute psychological stress. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 50(9), 997-1006.
应激反应指标 | 时间点 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
基线 | 准备 | 演讲 | 心算 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |
心率(bmp) | 76.41(9.52) | 79.78(10.87) | 92.69(14.57) | 91.94(14.61) | 75.85(10.16) | 75.31(10.14) | 75.13(8.77) | 74.43(9.49) |
唾液皮质醇(nmol/L) | 8.77(3.92) | 11.81(4.43) | 14.69(5.55) | 11.01(3.37) | 8.92(2.58) |
表1 不同时间点心率和唾液皮质醇[M(SD)]
应激反应指标 | 时间点 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
基线 | 准备 | 演讲 | 心算 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |
心率(bmp) | 76.41(9.52) | 79.78(10.87) | 92.69(14.57) | 91.94(14.61) | 75.85(10.16) | 75.31(10.14) | 75.13(8.77) | 74.43(9.49) |
唾液皮质醇(nmol/L) | 8.77(3.92) | 11.81(4.43) | 14.69(5.55) | 11.01(3.37) | 8.92(2.58) |
模型 | 预测因子 | B | β | t | p | △R2 | R2 | F | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
模型一:△心率 | |||||||||
第一步 | 0.13 | 2.40 | 0.078 | ||||||
性别 | -0.06 | -0.002 | -0.017 | 0.986 | |||||
年龄 | -2.42 | -0.33 | -1.54 | 0.130 | |||||
受教育时间 | 5.00 | 0.55 | 2.57 | 0.013 | |||||
第二步 | 0.11 | 0.24 | 3.85 | 0.008 | |||||
性别 | 2.10 | 0.08 | 0.64 | 0.523 | |||||
年龄 | -2.52 | -0.35 | -1.70 | 0.095 | |||||
受教育时间 | 5.14 | 0.57 | 2.80 | 0.007 | |||||
特质焦虑 | -0.75 | -0.35 | -2.70 | 0.009 | |||||
模型二:△唾液皮质醇 | |||||||||
第一步 | 0.02 | 0.35 | 0.792 | ||||||
性别 | -1.21 | -0.10 | -0.71 | 0.482 | |||||
年龄 | 0.40 | 0.12 | 0.50 | 0.618 | |||||
受教育时间 | 0.14 | -0.03 | 0.14 | 0.890 | |||||
第二步 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.27 | 0.898 | |||||
性别 | -1.12 | -0.09 | -0.63 | 0.534 | |||||
年龄 | 0.40 | 0.11 | 0.49 | 0.626 | |||||
受教育时间 | -0.14 | -0.03 | -0.14 | 0.893 | |||||
特质焦虑 | -0.03 | -0.03 | -0.22 | 0.829 |
表2 应激反应分层回归模型
模型 | 预测因子 | B | β | t | p | △R2 | R2 | F | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
模型一:△心率 | |||||||||
第一步 | 0.13 | 2.40 | 0.078 | ||||||
性别 | -0.06 | -0.002 | -0.017 | 0.986 | |||||
年龄 | -2.42 | -0.33 | -1.54 | 0.130 | |||||
受教育时间 | 5.00 | 0.55 | 2.57 | 0.013 | |||||
第二步 | 0.11 | 0.24 | 3.85 | 0.008 | |||||
性别 | 2.10 | 0.08 | 0.64 | 0.523 | |||||
年龄 | -2.52 | -0.35 | -1.70 | 0.095 | |||||
受教育时间 | 5.14 | 0.57 | 2.80 | 0.007 | |||||
特质焦虑 | -0.75 | -0.35 | -2.70 | 0.009 | |||||
模型二:△唾液皮质醇 | |||||||||
第一步 | 0.02 | 0.35 | 0.792 | ||||||
性别 | -1.21 | -0.10 | -0.71 | 0.482 | |||||
年龄 | 0.40 | 0.12 | 0.50 | 0.618 | |||||
受教育时间 | 0.14 | -0.03 | 0.14 | 0.890 | |||||
第二步 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.27 | 0.898 | |||||
性别 | -1.12 | -0.09 | -0.63 | 0.534 | |||||
年龄 | 0.40 | 0.11 | 0.49 | 0.626 | |||||
受教育时间 | -0.14 | -0.03 | -0.14 | 0.893 | |||||
特质焦虑 | -0.03 | -0.03 | -0.22 | 0.829 |
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