权力对延迟选择的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1042.2019.00447

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究旨在考察权力对延迟选择的影响, 并探讨决策难度在其中的调节作用以及决策过程的中介作用。两个实验均先操纵个体的权力状态, 然后再请被试完成随后的延迟选择任务。结果发现, 决策难度可调节权力对延迟选择的影响, 当决策困难时, 高权力者具有更低的延迟倾向, 当决策容易时, 权力的影响消失。决策过程的加工变异性可中介权力对延迟选择的影响。结果表明, 低权力者比高权力者具有更高的延迟倾向(尤其当决策困难时), 不同权力水平者在决策过程上的差异或可部分解释此种现象。

关键词: 权力, 延迟选择, 决策难度, 决策过程, MouselabWEB程序

Abstract:

The present study aimed at exploring the role of power in choice deferral (a subcategory of decision avoidance) by studying the moderating role of choice difficulty (Experiment 1) and the mediating role of decision process (Experiment 2). The results showed that choice difficulty can moderate the effect of power on choice deferral, when there is not a dominating option in the choice options, preference for deferral is more pronounced for powerless individuals than for powerful individuals. Additionally, the variance in the proportion of time spent on each attribute mediated the effect of power on choice deferral. The results indicated that lower power can lead to more choice of deferral options (especially in difficult decisions), and decision processing may play an important role in the effect of power on choice deferral.

Key words: power, choice deferral, choice difficulty, decision process, MouselabWeb procedure

中图分类号:

B849:C91

李晓明, 蒋松源. (2019). 权力对延迟选择的影响. 心理科学进展 , 27(3), 447-452.

LI Xiao-Ming, JIANG Song-Yuan. (2019). The influence of power on choice deferral. Advances in Psychological Science, 27(3), 447-452.

图/表 2

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决策难度	权力状态
决策难度	高权力	低权力
高难度	3 (10%)	12 (40 %)
低难度	5 (16.67%)	4 (13.33%)

决策难度	权力状态
决策难度	高权力	低权力
高难度	3 (10%)	12 (40 %)
低难度	5 (16.67%)	4 (13.33%)

各测量指标	高权力	低权力	t	p	d
加工总时间(s)	26.20 ± 14.91	38.81 ± 18.41	3.18	0.002	0.76
加工深度	0.66 ± 0.21	0.86 ± 0.16	4.50	0.000	1.08
加工模式	-0.03 ± 0.37	0.21 ± 0.35	2.88	0.005	0.69
加工变异性	0.15 ± 0.10	0.09 ± 0.05	3.17	0.002	0.76
困难指数	5.06 ± 1.49	5.92 ± 1.44	2.49	0.015	0.60
愉悦度	5.20 ± 0.96	5.40 ± 1.40	0.72	0.474	--

各测量指标	高权力	低权力	t	p	d
加工总时间(s)	26.20 ± 14.91	38.81 ± 18.41	3.18	0.002	0.76
加工深度	0.66 ± 0.21	0.86 ± 0.16	4.50	0.000	1.08
加工模式	-0.03 ± 0.37	0.21 ± 0.35	2.88	0.005	0.69
加工变异性	0.15 ± 0.10	0.09 ± 0.05	3.17	0.002	0.76
困难指数	5.06 ± 1.49	5.92 ± 1.44	2.49	0.015	0.60
愉悦度	5.20 ± 0.96	5.40 ± 1.40	0.72	0.474	--