ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办:中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1): 20-32.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2023.00020

• 研究构想 • 上一篇    下一篇

自闭症谱系障碍社交动机理论:机制及干预探索

寇娟(), 杨梦圆, 魏子杰, 雷怡()   

  1. 四川师范大学脑与心理科学研究院, 成都 610000
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-25 出版日期:2023-01-15 发布日期:2022-10-13
  • 通讯作者: 寇娟,雷怡 E-mail:koujuan2012@foxmail.com;leiyi821@vip.sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(32100893);及广东省“脑科学与类脑研究”重大科技专项(2018B030335001)

The social motivation theory of autism spectrum disorder: Exploring mechanisms and interventions

KOU Juan(), YANG Mengyuan, WEI Zijie, LEI Yi()   

  1. Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610000, China
  • Received:2022-05-25 Online:2023-01-15 Published:2022-10-13
  • Contact: KOU Juan,LEI Yi E-mail:koujuan2012@foxmail.com;leiyi821@vip.sina.com

摘要:

自闭症谱系障碍(Autism Spectrum Disorder, ASD)表现为社会交往困难以及重复刻板兴趣或行为。社交动机理论提出ASD个体是由于社交动机缺乏导致的社交障碍。目前该理论缺乏理论元素及结构关系的系统论证, 及基于此理论的低龄ASD儿童群体的研究证据。本研究拟采用心理实验法、眼动及近红外脑成像技术, 探索低龄ASD儿童早期社交奖赏、社交定向异常眼动标记及眶额叶脑区活动的神经机制。此外, 通过音乐奖赏强化学习的干预方式改善该理论的核心元素(社交奖赏), 观测能否改善ASD儿童的社交动机。本研究的开展有望对该理论进行系统验证, 并形成改善社交行为的潜在干预方案。

关键词: 自闭症谱系障碍, 社交动机理论, 眼动, 近红外脑成像, 音乐奖赏干预

Abstract:

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) comprises symptoms including social communication deficits and unusual repetitive and restrictive sensory-motor behaviors. Social motivation deficits play a central role in ASD social function impairment, which has been proposed in the social motivation theory. Social motivation may be parsed into four components, including social orienting and social reward (seeking and liking), social reward learning, and social maintenance. Previous studies emphasized the necessity of exploring its components systematically and structurally. However, research on early age children with ASD is rare. Objective hallmarks of the social motivation theory of autism and exploring interventions based on it are limited. To produce robust behavioral hallmarks and uncover its brain mechanisms, in the current study we will explore social motivation theory’s components and the relationship among them and develop effective intervention methods. Study 1 we will apply an experimental design to explore early neural and atypical eye movements brain bio-markers using social reward and orienting paradigms by means of eye-tracking and functional near-infrared spectroscopy tools. Ninety ASD and typically developing children will be recruited. Then, based on valid markers detected in Study 1, we will investigate the effect of a social reward-based learning strategy in Study 2 to determine whether it is helpful to strengthen social rewards and other components’ functions, and to improve the relationships among them. Ninety children with ASD will be recruited for Study 2. Forty-five children will undergo Gaze-Contingent Music Reward Therapy (12 weeks). The other 45 will perform a non-rewarding music listening control task. All participants in Study 2 will be evaluated for valid social rewards and social orienting from Study 1 and an assessment of social maintenance before and after the interventions. Thus, the findings may detect unusual hallmarks based on social motivation theory and identify treatment strategies to enhance social motivational processing.

Key words: autism spectrum disorder, the social motivation theory, eye-tracking, functional near-infrared spectroscopy, music reward intervention

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