ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办：中国科学院心理研究所
出版：科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2016, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (6): 909-922.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2016.00909

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

认知训练对健康老年人认知能力的影响

韩笑1; 石岱青1; 周晓文1 ;杨颖华1; 朱祖德2   

  1. (1华南师范大学心理学院, 广州 510631) (2江苏师范大学语言科学与艺术学院; 语言能力协同创新中心; 江苏省语言科学与神经认知工程重点实验室, 徐州 221116)
  • 收稿日期:2015-05-13 出版日期:2016-06-15 发布日期:2016-06-15
  • 通讯作者: 朱祖德, E-mail: zhuzude@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(31571156), 江苏高校优势学科二期建设工程——中国语言文学(PAPD)和深圳市科技研发资金项目(CXZZ20130514151921332)。

The training and transfer effect of cognitive training in old adults

HAN Xiao1; SHI Daiqing1; ZHOU Xiaowen1; YANG Yinghua1; ZHU Zude2   

  1. (1 Departmant of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China) (2 School of Linguistic Sciences and Arts, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China)
  • Received:2015-05-13 Online:2016-06-15 Published:2016-06-15
  • Contact: ZHU Zude, E-mail: zhuzude@163.com

PDF (PC)

4365

被引次数

5

摘要：

近年来, 认知训练被广泛应用于防治和延缓老年人的认知功能衰退。通过总结近7年(2008~2014年)关于老年人认知功能训练的研究, 比较训练的有效性、训练效果的迁移和保持, 结果表明, 大部分实验都发现了积极的即时训练效果, 训练效果得到保持的研究以认知控制和综合认知能力训练为主; 大部分的迁移都集中在与流体智力联系较密切的认知功能如工作记忆和注意力等上; 部分研究探索了认知功能提升的大脑神经可塑性基础。未来研究应进一步将行为训练与神经测量手段相结合考察训练效果的迁移与保持, 更加注重个体差异的影响, 并深入考察认知训练对日常生活能力的迁移。

关键词: 认知干预, 健康老年人, 训练效果, 迁移

Abstract:

Cognitive training has been widely used to delay age related cognitive decline in recent years. By collecting studies published between January 2008 and December 2014, we qualitatively examined the improvement of the performance on training tasks and the near and far transfer effects of cognitive training on healthy older adults. We found that most of the experiments revealed positive effects on training tasks. Moreover, the majority of the experiments which had reported maintenance of the training effect were based on cognitive control training or comprehensive cognitive training. Futhermore, most of the transfer effects were obtained in fluid intelligence related processes such as working memory and attention. By employing neuroimaging techniques, training related structural and functional changes were found, indicating neural plasticity mechanisms in cognitive training. Future studies should combine behavioral and neural indices to comprehensively test whether the efficacy and transfer effects of cognitive training could be applied/ transferred to daily life function in healthy older adults, and investigate the modulation or mediation effect of individual differences (e.g., trainability) on cognitive training.

Key words: cognitive training, healthy older adults, training effect, transfer effect