ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办：中国科学院心理研究所
出版：科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2016, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (10): 1623-1635.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2016.01623

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

行为决策中的描述–经验差距：信息加工角度的解释

刘建民;李海垒;张文新   

  1. (山东师范大学心理学院, 济南 250014)
  • 收稿日期:2016-01-21 出版日期:2016-10-15 发布日期:2016-10-15
  • 通讯作者: 李海垒, E-mail: harrylee_315@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    山东省“十二五”特色重点学科(发展与教育心理学); 山东师范大学青年教师科研项目(人文社会科学类); 山东师范大学实验教改立项项目(项目编号:SYJG301009)。

The description-experience gap in behavioral decision making: Interpretations of information processing

LIU Jian-Min; LI Hai-Lei; ZHANG Wen-Xin   

  1. (School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China)
  • Received:2016-01-21 Online:2016-10-15 Published:2016-10-15
  • Contact: LI Hai-Lei, E-mail: harrylee_315@126.com

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摘要：

选项信息获取过程会影响决策, 描述–经验差距简称D-E差距, 是指个体进行决策时根据概括性描述信息得到的结果与依据序列体验信息的经验得到的结果之间的差异。文章以认知因素在决策范式演进过程中的角色为线索, 梳理了D-E差距的提出及最新的研究发现。参考决策认知过程框架从信息加工角度探讨D-E差距影响因素, 从整体上解释D-E差距的原因。未来需要从全面对比两种决策范式, 改进经验决策研究方法等角度进行深入探讨。

关键词: 描述决策, 经验决策, 信息加工, 低权小概率事件, 描述–经验差距

Abstract:

The description-experience gap (D-E gap)refers to the observation that choices are influenced by whether information about potential alternatives is learned from a summary description or from the experience of sequentially sampling individual outcomes. In terms of the role that cognitive factors played in the development of decision paradigms, this literature review summarized the discovery of D-E gap and latest studies in this field. Within the cognitive process framework, relevant factors of D-E gap were discussed in terms of information processing, and D-E gap was explained in an overall perspective. Finally, the issues worthy of further research were also outlined, such as improving research methods, the comprehensive comparison of both decision-making paradigms.

Key words: decision from description, decision from experience, information processing, underweight rare events, description-experience gap