Buildup of a self-compassion sentence collection in the construct of implementation intention and its application in emotion regulation

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2026.0480

Abstract

Abstract:

The present study integrated self-compassion with implementation intention, constructed a standardized implementation intention-based self-compassion (II-SC) sentence collection (Experiment 1) through 39 typical negative scenarios encountered by college students in daily life, and evaluated its efficacy in emotion regulation for students with depressive tendencies (Experiments 2-3). Results indicated: (1) The 117 II-SC sentences effectively reflected three self-compassion goals (self-kindness, common humanity, mindfulness) and significantly reduced emotional impact in negative situations (decreased arousal, increased valence), with the sentence collection demonstrated robust internal consistency and test-retest reliability, (2) When cognitive resources were abundant, II-SC sentences showed comparable emotion regulation effects to traditional self-compassion (TSC) sentences but required less cognitive effort, (3) When cognitive resources were scarce, II-SC demonstrated increased emotion regulation efficacy compared to TSC without additional cognitive cost, with no significant differences in physiological regulation effects on emotion-related indicators (heart rate, skin conductance). These findings suggest that the II-SC sentence collection facilitates automated and efficient emotion regulation processes for college students with depressive tendencies, enhances the effectiveness of self-compassion strategies, and provides potential solutions for coping with diverse stressors in daily life.

Key words: self-compassion, implementation intention, sentence collection, emotion regulation, depressive tendency

SONG Yi, FU Xiaotong, YUAN Jiajin, SUN Meng, YANG Jiemin. (2026). Buildup of a self-compassion sentence collection in the construct of implementation intention and its application in emotion regulation. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 58(3), 480-499.

Figures/Tables 8

Figure 1 A: Examples of II-SC sentences and II-N sentences, B: Procedure for sentence presentation in Experiment 1.

Figure 2 A: Subjective emotion ratings for negative situation sentences and three types of II-SC sentences, B: Subjective emotion ratings for neutral situation sentences and three types of II-N sentences, ***p < 0.001

Table 1 Cronbach's α of Different Types of Sentences

Sentence type	Acceptability	Valence	Arousal
Self-kindness	0.933	0.934	0.973
Common humanity	0.961	0.938	0.972
Mindfulness	0.951	0.926	0.971
II-N 1	0.927	0.937	0.982
II-N 2	0.911	0.928	0.982
II-N 3	0.921	0.932	0.980

Table 2 Reliability Analysis Results

Sentence type	Acceptability	Valence	Arousal	Self-kindness (r)	Common humanity (r)	Mindfulness (r)
II-SC	0.357**	0.396**	0.451**	0.950**	0.990**	0.979**
II-N	0.899**	0.811**	0.765**	0.594**	0.12	0.181

Figure 3 Experimental procedure for Experiment 2.

Figure 4 A: Pre-test and post-test scores for depression and arousal level, B: Pre-test and post-test scores for positive and negative dimensions of the PANAS scale, C: Ratings for the effort and difficulty of coping with emotions. n.s. indicates p > 0.05, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01

Figure 5 Schematic of the emotion induction stimulus presentation (Experiment 3).

Figure 6 A:Pre-test and post-test scores for depression and arousal levels, B:Pre-test and post-test scores for the positive and negative dimensions of the PANAS scale, C:Pre-test and post-test heart rate measurements, D:Pre-test and post-test skin conductance levels, E:Pre-test and post-test ratings for the effort and difficulty of coping with emotions. n.s. indicates p > 0.05, *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001.

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