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25 September 1961, Volume 5 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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SOME PROBLEMS OF EEG AND THE BRAIN MECHANISM OF PSYCHICS LIU SHIH-YIH 1961, 5 (3):  3-16.  Abstract ( 602 )   During the last three years We have endeavored to make a systematic "study of the chinese EEG." EEG recordings were made with an Ediswen Model-Ⅲ 16-channel electroencephalograph. The results reported here represent part of this study concerning psychological problems:1. An EEG study of the pre-school child:EEG recordings 728 pre-school children, age 4 to 7 showed a high "index of EEG" and an outstanding battle between θ and α waves. Our electroencephalographic fings in- dicate that the 4 year old child is similar to the 5 year old child and that the 6 year old child is similar to the 7 year old child; but between 5 and 6 years, three seems to a "leap".2. EEG during mental activity(mental arithmetic):Investigations of the EEG during mental activity were performed on 738 subjects. Electrical records were made simultaneously during mental activity on an eight-channel EEG form occipital, temporal, frontal, fronto-parietal and other areas. The results show that no positive correlation was found between mental activity and the traditional blocking of the occipital α wave; that the point of initiation of the central impulse of mental activity is very likely the temporal or frontal area; and that "mental arithmetic" is a valuable clinical activation.3. Study concerning cybernetics and imformation theory:Investigations of the brain's capability to receive two channel inputs simultaneously were performed on more than 1000 subjects. Using "driving response" as an objective indicator, the results seem to cast doubt upon the hypothesis that the cortex is incapable of receiving two channel inputs simultaneously and doubts also arise about the "model of attention" (Broadbent 1957) hypothesis. Related Articles | Metrics

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THE ROLE OF “ACTIVE CONSCIOUSNESS” OF NEURASTHENIC PATIENTS IN THE SPEEDY-SYNTHETIC TREATMENT CHANG TSEN-HUI, LEE JU-LIN, VUNG HEN-TSAN 1961, 5 (3):  17-25.  Abstract ( 569 )   This paper is a psychological analysis of the role of "active consciousness" displayed by neurasthenic patient's during a course of speedy-synthetic treatment. It deals with:1) Indications of the manifestations of "active consciousness."2) The part played by "active consciousness" in the genesis, development and during the course of treatment of the disease.It has been shown that cognition, volitional act as well as emotional status are the indications showing the influence of "active consciousness". Related Articles | Metrics

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PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE FIRST YEAR PUPILS IN THE UNDERSTANDING OF APPLIED PROBLEMS IN MATHEMATICS TSU MAN-SHU TSU YU-YING 1961, 5 (3):  26-41.  Abstract ( 643 )   The pupils of three sections of the first year class are taken as the object of this study: one section as an experimental group and the two others as controlled groups (competitive in effect). In the experimental group, systematic observations and experiments were conducted in order to disclose the process and the different levels of understanding plus-minus applied problems of the first year pupils. And on the basis of the characteristics of each individual level, certain devices of instructions were employed in order to promoe their achievement. Results indicate: the process of understanding plus-minus applied problems are of five levels, they are correlated, yet, differentiated. According to the characteristics of each individual level, certain instructional methods were adopted, in consequence, the transference between different levels is accelerated, and the effect of ins ructions is evidently greater than any controlled groups under general instructional conditions. Related Articles | Metrics

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AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF TWO COMPARATIVE METHODS IN ARITHMETIC TEACHING VUNG CHUNG-LIANG 1961, 5 (3):  42-51.  Abstract ( 483 )   This is an experimental study of the effect of different forms of comparison (alternative contrast and successive contrast) in the teaching of arithmetic in a primary school. The results obtained show that the alternative contrast is more efficient than the successive contrast. In the light of Parlor's theory and the reflection theory of dialectical materialism, the author analyzes the data and discusses the causes of this effect. He emphasizes especially the confusion caused by similar materials and the causes for the differential effects of the two forms of comparison. Related Articles | Metrics

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SOME PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS IN PROMOTING THE STUDENTS' GRASP OF ARITHMETICAL KNOWLEDGE,AS FOUND IN RECENT EDUCATIONAL REFORMS LU CHUNG-HENG, MAO YU-YIEN, YING YU-YEH, MA CHIEH-WEI, CHANG MIE-LIN 1961, 5 (3):  52-63.  Abstract ( 569 )   We have made 33 studies in the psychology of mathematics teaching during the past three years of the Great Leap Forward. The present paper is a summing up of some of the psychological problems based on these studies.In a preliminary way, we discovered in this series of studies that, given good teaching conditions and full mobilisation of students initiative in leaning, there is ample room for latent abilities of the students to find expression. These studies prove that the old teaching material is not entirely suited to the students' abilities; at the same time they confirm the formation of reversable associations, the correctness of given prominence to images as a link and also the process of thinking from external、 material and expanded activity to inner and compressed activity. It also prove that variation and contrast are both effective methods of enhancing the quality of mathematical teaching. In addition, we found some negative elements that hinder the students form grasping mathematical knowledge——among which the relatively important elements are interlacing of figures and cut of superfluous lines in geometry. It is thus easy to create illusions in the students which result in errors; another example is, in the development of mathematical concepts, if there are contradictory things, at the perceptive level, in the formation of concepts, there will emerge the phenomenon of negative transfer. Related Articles | Metrics