ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办:中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2015, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (7): 1280-1288.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2015.01280

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

社区感:概念、意义、理论与新热点

李须1;陈红1,2;李冰冰1;廖俊1;杨挺1;刘舒阳1   

  1. (1西南大学心理学部; 2认知与人格教育部重点实验室, 重庆 400715)
  • 收稿日期:2014-10-10 出版日期:2015-07-15 发布日期:2015-07-15
  • 通讯作者: 陈红, E-mail: chenhg@swu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家社科基金项目(12XSH018), 重庆市巴渝学者人才计划资助。

Sense of Community: Concepts, Values, Theories and Advances

LI Xu1; CHEN Hong1,2; LI Bingbing1; LIAO Jun1; YANG Ting1; LIU Shuyang1   

  1. (1 School of Psychology, Southwest University; 2 Key laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China)
  • Received:2014-10-10 Online:2015-07-15 Published:2015-07-15
  • Contact: CHEN Hong, E-mail: chenhg@swu.edu.cn

摘要:

社区感包括地域、情感联系、社会互动等成分。McMillan和Chavis (1986)提出的四因素模型是目前应用最广泛的社区感结构维度理论, 包括成员资格、影响力、需求的整合与满足、共同的情感联结四个维度。社区感意义的研究关注两个因变量:心理健康和社区参与行为, 需要模型和责任模型分别从不同角度予以解释。社区感研究的新热点(1)移民社区感和虚拟社区感; (2)培养社区感与社区人工环境建设; (3)培养社区感与尊重多样性。未来应进一步开展本土化和动态化的社区感研究; 修订或开发新的社区感测量工具; 加强社区感干预工作。

关键词: 社区感, 心理健康, 社区参与, 虚拟社区

Abstract:

Sense of community (SOC) includes geographical closeness, emotional connectedness, social interactions and other components. McMilian and Chavis' (1986) four-factor model is the most widely used SOC framework and includes 1) membership, 2) influence, 3) integration/fulfillment of needs, 4) shared emotional connection as dimensions. SOC research focuses mainly on two independent variables: SOC as an indicator of psychological well-being and SOC as a motivator of prosocial behaviors based on needs-based values-based models, respectively. In addition, recent literature in this area has emphasized 1) sense of immigrant community and sense of virtual community; 2) cultivation of SOC by creating artificial environments; and 3) fostering SOC by promoting culture diversity as important current issues. Future studies should focus on local and dynamic SOC development, establishing and revising SOC indices, and interventions to increase SOC in various contexts.

Key words: sense of community, psychological well-being, community engagement, virtual communities