ISSN 0439-755X
CN 11-1911/B
主办：中国心理学会
　　　中国科学院心理研究所
出版：科学出版社

心理学报 ›› 1999, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 306-312.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

心算加工年老化及其机制研究

刘昌;李德明;李贵芸   

  1. 中国科学院心理研究所!北京，100101,华中师范大学心理系,武汉,430079,中国科学院心理研究所!北京，100101,中国科学院心理研究所!北京，100101
  • 出版日期:1999-09-25 发布日期:1999-09-25
  • 通讯作者: 刘昌

ON MENTAL ARITHMETIC WITH INCREASING AGE AND ITS MECHANISM

Liu Chang; Li Deming; Li Guiyun(Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101)   

  • Published:1999-09-25 Online:1999-09-25

摘要： 以172名20－79岁成人为被试对心算加工的年老化过程及其机制进行了研究。任务为连续减法心算，依难度分为5种：1000－1、1000－3、1000－7、1000－13及1000－17。结果表明，年龄与心算难度存在明显的交互作用，且随着年龄增加，不同难度心算效率均以幂函数形式降低。结构方程建模分析发现心算加工年老化过程存在两个中介作用因子，即速度因子和非速度因子，且速度因子对非速度因子存在明显的正效应。

关键词: 心算, 年龄, 结构方程建模

Abstract: A study on menta arithmetic with increasing of age and its mechanism wasaccomplished in 172 normal subjects of from 20 to 79 yeare of age. Five mentalarithmetic tasks, "1000- 1", "1000-3", "1000-7", "1000- 13" , "1000- 17", weredesigned with a serial calculation in which the subjects sequentially subtracted thesame prime number (1, 3, 7, 13, 17) from another number 1000. The results indicatedthat: (1) There was an obvious interaction between age and mental arithmetic, andmental arithmtic efficiency (the ratio of accuracy to RT) decreased in power funtionwith the advancing of age; (2) There were two mediators (latent variables) which wererelative to speed component and non-speed component respectively in the aging processof menta arithmetic, and speed component had significant effect on non-speedcomponent.

Key words: mental arithmetic, age, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM)