痛苦逃避和自我参照惩罚条件下脑电特征对自杀意念的分类效能

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2022.01031

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用支持向量机的特征递归选择算法, 创新性采用三维心理痛苦量表和自我参照情感激励延迟任务, 建构自杀意念分类模型的重要特征集, 并比较自杀意念和抑郁的分类模型重要特征集差异。结果发现, 痛苦逃避是自杀意念分类模型的首位特征; 基于痛苦加工特征的自杀意念多模态分类模型效能优良。研究首次证实了在机器学习建构复杂的自杀意念分类模型中, 痛苦逃避及其相关脑电成分的重要性。拓展了结合心理痛苦三因素模型和机器学习算法对自杀预测的临床应用可行性。

关键词: 心理痛苦, 自杀意念, 机器学习, 脑电

Abstract:

Depressed students are at high-risk for suicide. Psychological pain, especially pain avoidance, was a more robust predictor for suicide ideation than depression at the behavioral level. Due to suicide as a complex classification model, machine learning algorisms applied to integrate behavioral data and neural characteristic can advance suicide prediction, and the accuracy of multimodality features is superior than clinical interview. The present study aimed to integrate data-driven machine learning algorisms and the three-dimensional psychological pain model to figure out the optimal features in the prediction of suicide ideation.
Seventy-seven college students were recruited by advertisement and divided into three groups: depressed group with high levels of suicide ideation (HSI, n = 25), depressed group with low levels of suicide ideation (LSI, n = 20), and healthy controls (HC, n = 32). All participants completed the three-dimensional psychological pain scale (TDPPS), Beck depression inventory-I (BDI), Beck suicide ideation inventory (BSI), and the self-referential affective incentive delay task (SAID). The value of support vector based on machine-recursive feature elimination (RFE-SVM) algorithm applied to combine the scale scores, resting state and punitive-related EEG components for feature ranking in a nonlinear way.
Results showed that: (1) Scores of pain avoidance in the HSI was higher than the LSI group. (2) The multimodal psychological pain-based model for suicide ideation classification (Accuracy = 85.66%, Precision = 0.82, Recall = 0.73, AUC = 0.92) was sufficient and superior than the EEG single-modal model. Importantly, the pain avoidance and BDI scores ranked the top two features in the classification model of suicide ideation, whereas painful feeling and pain arousal subscale scores ranked the top two features in the classification model of depression. The EEG optimal features of overlap in the pain avoidance and suicide ideation classification models were the LPP and target-P3 under self-referential punitive conditions. (3) The powers of delta and beta band were negatively correlated with the BSI-W and pain avoidance subscale scores. The FRN amplitude under other- and self-referential punitive conditions were negatively corelated with the pain avoidance subscale scores. In the HSI group, power of delta elicited by positive feedback under self-referential conditions was significantly lower than those under other-referential conditions. In the HSI group, the amplitude of LPP in other-referential punitive conditions was higher than those under reward and neutral conditions, whereas in the LSI group, the amplitude of LPP under self-referential punitive conditions was higher than that under neutral conditions.
As a pilot study, the current study provided a support for the prominent role of pain avoidance and its related neuroelectrophysiological correlates in the prediction of suicide. The clinical significance of these results will be discussed.

Key words: three-dimensional psychological pain, suicide ideation, machine learning, EEG

中图分类号:

B846

孙芳, 宋巍, 温晓通, 李欢欢, 欧阳李晟, 魏诗洁. (2022). 痛苦逃避和自我参照惩罚条件下脑电特征对自杀意念的分类效能. 心理学报, 54(9), 1031-1047.

SUN Fang, SONG Wei, WEN Xiaotong, LI Huanhuan, OUYANG Lisheng, WEI Shijie. (2022). Efficacy of suicide ideation classification based on pain avoidance and the EEG characteristics under self-referential punishment. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 54(9), 1031-1047.

图/表 13

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变量	HC (n = 32)	HSI (n = 25)	LSI (n = 20)	F/χ²	p^a	Post hoc^b
年龄(岁)	22.03 (2.80)	20.40 (2.14)	19.85 (1.87)	6.10	0.004	HSI < HC, LSI < HC
性别(男/女)	14/18	10/15	6/14	0.99	0.608	—
BDI	3.38 (2.41)	20.68 (6.10)	18.40 (4.25)	131.23	< 0.001	HSI > HC, LSI > HC
BSI-C	0.13 (0.34)	6.92 (5.03)	0.30 (0.47)	45.96	< 0.001	HSI > HC, HSI > LSI
BSI-W	1.81 (2.65)	17.84 (7.23)	3.50 (3.44)	87.91	< 0.001	HSI > HC, HSI > LSI
TDPPS	31.69 (11.81)	53.48 (11.27)	42.85 (12.75)	23.70	< 0.001	HSI > LSI > HC
痛苦唤醒	13.94 (5.47)	24.20 (6.24)	19.65 (7.45)	19.03	< 0.001	HSI > HC, LSI > HC
痛苦体验	14.31 (6.17)	22.16 (4.22)	19.55 (4.74)	16.60	< 0.001	HSI > HC, LSI > HC
痛苦逃避	3.44 (1.22)	7.12 (3.13)	3.65 (1.57)	24.83	< 0.001	HSI > HC, HSI > LSI

变量	HC (n = 32)	HSI (n = 25)	LSI (n = 20)	F/χ²	p^a	Post hoc^b
年龄(岁)	22.03 (2.80)	20.40 (2.14)	19.85 (1.87)	6.10	0.004	HSI < HC, LSI < HC
性别(男/女)	14/18	10/15	6/14	0.99	0.608	—
BDI	3.38 (2.41)	20.68 (6.10)	18.40 (4.25)	131.23	< 0.001	HSI > HC, LSI > HC
BSI-C	0.13 (0.34)	6.92 (5.03)	0.30 (0.47)	45.96	< 0.001	HSI > HC, HSI > LSI
BSI-W	1.81 (2.65)	17.84 (7.23)	3.50 (3.44)	87.91	< 0.001	HSI > HC, HSI > LSI
TDPPS	31.69 (11.81)	53.48 (11.27)	42.85 (12.75)	23.70	< 0.001	HSI > LSI > HC
痛苦唤醒	13.94 (5.47)	24.20 (6.24)	19.65 (7.45)	19.03	< 0.001	HSI > HC, LSI > HC
痛苦体验	14.31 (6.17)	22.16 (4.22)	19.55 (4.74)	16.60	< 0.001	HSI > HC, LSI > HC
痛苦逃避	3.44 (1.22)	7.12 (3.13)	3.65 (1.57)	24.83	< 0.001	HSI > HC, HSI > LSI

变量	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
1. BDI	—
2. BSI-C	0.44^***	—
3. BSI-W	0.58^***	0.81^***	—
4. TDPPS	0.63^***	0.44^***	0.61^***	—
5. 痛苦唤醒	0.59^***	0.35^**	0.54^***	0.96^***	—
6. 痛苦体验	0.59^***	0.32^**	0.49^***	0.93^***	0.83^***	—
7. 痛苦逃避	0.46^**	0.74^***	0.73^***	0.71^***	0.61^***	0.54^***	—

变量	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
1. BDI	—
2. BSI-C	0.44^***	—
3. BSI-W	0.58^***	0.81^***	—
4. TDPPS	0.63^***	0.44^***	0.61^***	—
5. 痛苦唤醒	0.59^***	0.35^**	0.54^***	0.96^***	—
6. 痛苦体验	0.59^***	0.32^**	0.49^***	0.93^***	0.83^***	—
7. 痛苦逃避	0.46^**	0.74^***	0.73^***	0.71^***	0.61^***	0.54^***	—

痛苦体验	痛苦逃避	抑郁^b	自杀意念^b
他人_惩中_cue-CNV	他人_奖中_target-P3	痛苦体验	痛苦逃避
他人_奖中_cue-CNV	自我_惩中_pos-LPP	痛苦唤醒	抑郁
他人_惩中_cue-delta	自我_奖中_neg-LPP	年龄	自我_惩中_cue-CNV
自我_惩中_cue-P3	自我_惩中_pos-P3	自我_惩中_neg-FRN	自我_惩中_neg-LPP
自我_奖中_neg-LPP	自我_奖中_target-delta	自我_奖中_neg-FRN	自我_惩中_target-P3
他人_奖中_pos-P3	自我_惩中_target-P3	自我_奖中_neg-LPP	自我_惩中_neg-P3
自我_奖中_cue-beta	他人_惩中_cue-theta	自我_惩中_target-delta	他人_奖中_cue-theta
^a他人_奖中_neg-theta	自我_奖中_neg-delta	自我_奖中_cue-delta	自我_奖中_target-delta
自我_惩中_cue-CNV	自我_奖中_cue-P3	他人_奖中_cue-theta	他人_惩中_target-delta
自我_惩中_cue-beta	他人_惩中_neg-LPP	痛苦逃避	他人_奖中_target-P3