关键词: 概化, 问题原型, 原理学习, 样例

Abstract: This study mainly explored the effects of event prototypes with different generalization degrees formed during the course of the principle study on solving problems. In Experiment 1, the effects of event prototypes with different generalization degrees in solving problem with different concrete contents were investigated. Experiment 2 focused on the forms and the mechanisms of the information processing in solving problems by which the subjects who had formed the different event prototypes in generalization degrees in problem solving. Experiment 3 probed further into the result and the mechanisms of the subjects with the different event prototypes in generalization degrees in solving complex problems. The results suggested: (a) Having formed the event prototypes of higher generalization degree facilitated the subjects to solve the problems with the inappropriate superficial contents. (b) The subjects who had formed the event prototypes with higher generalization degree could quickly activate the event prototype and access the principle schema, as a result, to use the schema-based method to solve both the problems with the appropriate concrete contents and the problems with the inappropriate contents. (c) Having formed the event prototypes of higher generalization degree enabled the subjects to remove quickly the influence of the irrelevant information in solving the complex problems.

Key words: generalization, event prototype, principle study, example