敬畏和共同内群体认同：感知资源稀缺性的调节*

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2026.0667

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

共同内群体认同是指赋予两个原本独立的群体一个上位身份, 使群体成员的认知表征由两个子群体变成一个共同内群体, 把对内群体成员的积极情感延伸到原外群体成员中, 有利于改善群际关系、增强凝聚力。面对复杂的国际环境, 团结是民族发展的重要力量, 因此如何提升共同内群体认同对民族发展至关重要。文章通过问卷调查(研究1)和操纵敬畏、感知资源稀缺性(研究2~4)探讨了敬畏对共同内群体认同的影响及作用机制。结果发现高感知资源稀缺性削弱了特质敬畏对共同内群体认同的影响(研究1), 并且调节了基于威胁的敬畏与共同内群体认同的关系(研究2~4), 即高感知资源稀缺性抑制了基于威胁的敬畏对共同内群体认同的促进效应。该结果启示我们可以通过增强敬畏, 尤其是积极敬畏来提升群体凝聚力。

关键词: 积极敬畏, 基于威胁的敬畏, 感知资源稀缺性, 共同内群体认同

Abstract:

China is a multi-ethnic nation with rapid economic development and an increasingly diverse social structure. The impact of Western mainstream culture on traditional culture has led to confusion and conflict among individuals resulting from the collision of different values and subcultures of various ethnic groups. In addition, the international situation is complex and volatile, with increasingly fierce competition among nations and frequent global crises such as epidemics, earthquakes, climate change, terrorism, and nuclear threat. In such times, unity plays a crucial force for national development and ethnic revival. For different ethnic groups, forming a common ingroup identity can enhance social cohesion and improve intergroup relations. Common ingroup identity refers to assigning a superordinate identity to two originally independent groups, transforming the cognitive representation of group members from two subgroups to one common ingroup, and extending positive feelings from ingroup members toward former outgroup members. Previous research on the factors influencing common ingroup identity has focused on cognitive and behavioral perspectives, such as how intergroup cooperation and perceived similarity can promote common ingroup identity. However, few studies have focused on the impact of awe on common ingroup identity and its boundary conditions.

This study examined the impact of awe on common ingroup identity and its boundary conditions through four experiments. Study 1 utilized a questionnaire to measure the relationships between trait awe, common ingroup identity, and perceived resource scarcity. Study 2 manipulated awe and perceived resource scarcity to explore the role of perceived resource scarcity in the relationship between awe and common ingroup identity. Study 3 adjusted the measurement method of common ingroup identity and investigated the influence of awe and perceived resource scarcity on common ingroup identity. Study 4 employed a modified awe induction paradigm and measured common ingroup identity using Chinese national identity scales, while adopting a multitrait-multimethod approach to enhance the reliability of the findings.

The findings revealed that participants in the awe group exhibited higher common ingroup identity than those in the control group, indicating that awe can promote common ingroup identity. Studies 1-4 identified perceived resource scarcity as a moderating factor between awe and common ingroup identity. Specifically, high perceived resource scarcity weakened the promoting effect of awe on common ingroup identity, compared to low perceived resource scarcity. Moreover, under conditions of high perceived resource scarcity, individuals in the negative awe group showed lower common ingroup identity than those in the positive awe and control groups. These findings not only expand the research perspective on ingroup identity but also help strengthen group cohesion.

Key words: positive awe, threat-based awe, perceived resource scarcity, common ingroup identity

中图分类号:

B849
C91

杨阳, 曹俊, 李潇林, 俄怡然, 谭羽荃, 贾亦心. (2026). 敬畏和共同内群体认同：感知资源稀缺性的调节^*. 心理学报, 58(4), 667-682.

YANG Yang, CAO Jun, LI Xiaolin, E Yiran, TAN Yuquan, JIA Yixin. (2026). The impact of awe on common ingroup identity: The moderating role of perceived resource scarcity. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 58(4), 667-682.

图/表 11

参考文献 51

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变量	M	SD	1	2	3	4	5
1.性别	−	−	1
2.年龄(岁)	20.72	2.05	0.18^***	1
3.敬畏	4.57	0.91	0.03	0.05	1
4.共同内群体认同	5.73	1.07	0.01	−0.09	0.34^***	1
5.感知资源稀缺性	3.44	1.06	0.12^*	−0.04	−0.25^***	−0.18^***	1

变量	M	SD	1	2	3	4	5
1.性别	−	−	1
2.年龄(岁)	20.72	2.05	0.18^***	1
3.敬畏	4.57	0.91	0.03	0.05	1
4.共同内群体认同	5.73	1.07	0.01	−0.09	0.34^***	1
5.感知资源稀缺性	3.44	1.06	0.12^*	−0.04	−0.25^***	−0.18^***	1

因变量	自变量	β	t	95%置信区间	R²	F
共同内群体认同	敬畏	0.38	6.49^***	[0.27, 0.50]	0.14	19.90
	感知资源稀缺性	−0.08	−1.52	[−0.18, 0.02]
	敬畏×感知资源稀缺性	−0.12	−2.37^*	[−0.22, −0.02]

因变量	自变量	β	t	95%置信区间	R²	F
共同内群体认同	敬畏	0.38	6.49^***	[0.27, 0.50]	0.14	19.90
	感知资源稀缺性	−0.08	−1.52	[−0.18, 0.02]
	敬畏×感知资源稀缺性	−0.12	−2.37^*	[−0.22, −0.02]

情绪	F	p	η²	积极敬畏vs 控制组		基于威胁的敬畏 vs控制组		积极敬畏 vs基于威胁的敬畏		积极敬畏 M ± SD	基于威胁的敬畏 M ± SD	控制组 M ± SD
情绪	F	p	η²	p	d	p	d	p	d	积极敬畏 M ± SD	基于威胁的敬畏 M ± SD	控制组 M ± SD
快乐	15.03	< 0.001	0.124	0.005	0.53	0.040	0.42	< 0.001	0.89	4.32 ± 1.47	2.76 ± 2.02	3.51 ± 1.56
幸福	7.16	< 0.001	0.063	0.134	0.33	0.169	0.32	0.001	0.61	4.09 ± 1.62	2.90 ± 2.20	3.53 ± 1.73
恐惧	52.55	< 0.001,	0.330	0.767	0.14	< 0.001	1.32	< 0.001	1.52	2.03 ± 1.29	4.44 ± 1.84	2.23 ± 1.49
焦虑	25.34	< 0.001	0.192	0.999	0.04	< 0.001	1.01	< 0.001	1.01	2.41 ± 1.67	4.16 ± 1.78	2.47 ± 1.54