ISSN 0439-755X
CN 11-1911/B
主办：中国心理学会
　　　中国科学院心理研究所
出版：科学出版社

心理学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (9): 1518-1528.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2023.01518

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

灰姑娘能变成白雪公主吗?感知到的信任对他人面孔表征的影响

李庆功1, 方溦2,3, 胡超4, 石德君5, 胡晓晴6, 傅根跃7, 王乾东8()   

  1. 1浙江师范大学心理学院, 浙江省儿童青少年心理健康与危机干预智能实验室, 金华 321004
    2浙江理工大学心理系, 杭州 310018
    3麦克马斯特大学心理系, 汉密尔顿 L8S 4L8, 加拿大
    4东南大学人文学院医学人文系, 南京 211189
    5北京大学心理与认知科学学院, 北京 100871
    6香港大学心理学系, 香港大学脑与认知科学国家重点实验室, 香港 999077
    7杭州师范大学经亨颐教育学院心理系, 浙江省哲学社会科学培育实验室“杭州师范大学婴幼儿发展;与托育实验室”, 浙江省认知障碍评估技术研究重点实验室, 杭州 311121
    8北京师范大学心理学部, 应用实验心理北京市重点实验室, 心理学国家级实验教学示范中心, 北京 100875
  • 收稿日期:2022-12-19 发布日期:2023-06-09 出版日期:2023-09-25
  • 通讯作者: 王乾东 E-mail:wangqd@bnu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:第一联系人：

    李庆功和方溦为共同第一作者。

  • 基金资助:
    中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2021NTSS60);国家自然科学基金项目(32200872);国家自然科学基金项目(62176248);国家自然科学基金项目(3227116);教育部人文社科青年项目(22YJC190022)

Can Cinderella become Snow White? The influence of perceived trustworthiness on the mental representation of faces

LI Qinggong1, FANG Wei2,3, HU Chao4, SHI Dejun5, HU Xiaoqing6, FU Genyue7, WANG Qiandong8()   

  1. 1Zhejiang Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory for the Mental Health and Crisis Intervention of Children and Adolescents, College of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
    2Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
    3Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton L8S 4L8, Canada
    4Department of Medical Humanities, School of Humanities, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
    5School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
    6The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
    7Zhejiang Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory for Research in Early Development and Childcare, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Department of Psychology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
    8Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
  • Received:2022-12-19 Online:2023-06-09 Published:2023-09-25
  • Contact: WANG Qiandong E-mail:wangqd@bnu.edu.cn

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摘要：

本研究考察对他人可信程度的感知是否会影响对该人物面孔长相的表征及其潜在的机制。实验1让被试形成目标人物可信或不可信的印象。随后利用反相关图像分类技术将被试对目标人物面孔的心理表征可视化。结果发现无论目标人物是男性还是女性, 高可信度的目标人物与更具吸引力和积极特质的面孔表征相关。实验2从一批新的被试中可视化了可信和不可信群体的面孔表征的特征, 并与实验1中获得的目标人物的面孔表征的特征做相似性分析, 发现被描述为可信(或不可信)的目标人物的面孔表征特征与可信(或不可信)群体的面孔表征特征有更多的相似性, 说明当人们得知他人是可信(或不可信)时, 会把脑海中的对应图式特征叠加到该人物的面孔物理特征上, 从而重塑面孔表征。本研究说明自上而下的加工方式在面孔表征形成中扮演了重要作用。

关键词: 人际知觉, 反相关图像分类技术, 心理表征, 吸引力, 可信度

Abstract:

People often infer others’ social traits, such as trustworthiness, from a glance at their face. Whereas previous studies have focused on how different facial cues influence social perception, the present study examined whether perception of a person’s trustworthiness could influence mental representations of that person’s face, as well as the mechanisms underlying this process.

Two experiments were conducted. Experiment 1 was designed to test whether a target person described as trustworthy would be represented in the perceiver’s mind as more attractive than the same person described as untrustworthy. Participants were instructed to form an impression about a target person’s trustworthiness by viewing the person’s face paired with a description labeling them as trustworthy or untrustworthy. The reverse correlation image classification (RCIC) technique was then used to visualize the participants’ mental representations of the target person’s face. A separate group of participants was recruited to evaluate the attractiveness and other traits of the generated mental representation images. Experiment 2 aimed to determine a possible underlying mechanism by exploring whether the mental representations of the trustworthy (or untrustworthy) target persons’ faces in Experiment 1 shared more similarities with those of the trustworthy (or untrustworthy) faces at a group level (i.e., prototypes of trustworthy or untrustworthy faces). To achieve this goal, we recruited participants to complete an alternate RCIC task in which they selected which of two faces appeared more trustworthy, producing mental representation images for trustworthy and untrustworthy faces at a group level. The features of these prototypical trustworthy and untrustworthy faces were then compared with those of the target person from Experiment 1.

In Experiment 1, mental representations of a face described as trustworthy were found to be more attractive than those of the same face described as untrustworthy. Furthermore, raters attributed additional desirable traits, such as friendly, intelligent, and positive, to the representation of the trustworthy person. In Experiment 2, we found that the mental representation of the face labeled as trustworthy in Experiment 1 shared more similarities with the prototypical trustworthy face produced in Experiment 2 than with the prototypical untrustworthy face.

In sum, our findings suggest that the perception of a person’s trustworthiness can influence mental representations of that person’s face. When people perceive an individual as trustworthy (or untrustworthy), they may superimpose the corresponding schema features in their minds onto the physical characteristics of the perceived individual’s face, leading to a reconfiguration of the face representation. Our study underscores the importance of top-down factors in shaping face representations.

Key words: person perception, reverse correlation image classification technology, mental representation, attractiveness, trustworthiness

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