心理学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (1): 38-54.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2020.00038
收稿日期:
2018-09-18
发布日期:
2019-11-21
出版日期:
2020-01-25
通讯作者:
何嘉梅
E-mail:jiamei998@126.com
基金资助:
Received:
2018-09-18
Online:
2019-11-21
Published:
2020-01-25
Contact:
HE Jiamei
E-mail:jiamei998@126.com
摘要:
为了探究情景预见对跨期决策的影响机制, 研究采用延迟折扣任务范式, 检验了在情景预见对跨期决策的影响中延迟时间知觉起到的中介作用。两个实验分别操纵了情景预见中未来事件与自我有关的信息和未来事件的情绪特征, 结果均发现情景预见通过改变个体对延迟等待时间的时距知觉影响了跨期决策。想象与自己、与母亲有关的未来事件, 想象积极、中性情绪效价的未来事件都使得被试将延迟等待时间知觉为较短的时间段, 更倾向于选择延迟奖励。想象消极情绪效价的未来事件使得被试将延迟等待时间知觉为较长的时间段, 更加偏好即时奖励。本研究有助于增进人们对情景预见影响跨期决策现象的理解。
中图分类号:
王盼盼, 何嘉梅. (2020). 情景预见对跨期决策的影响机制. 心理学报, 52(1), 38-54.
WANG Panpan, HE Jiamei. (2020). Effects of episodic foresight on intertemporal decision-making. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 52(1), 38-54.
即时奖励(元) | 延迟奖励(元) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10 | 11 | 11.5 | 12.5 | 13.5 | 15 | 17.5 | 19.5 | 22.5 |
20 | 22 | 23 | 25 | 27 | 30 | 35 | 39 | 45 |
30 | 33 | 34.5 | 37.5 | 40.5 | 45 | 52.5 | 58.5 | 67.5 |
表1 正式实验跨期决策任务题目
即时奖励(元) | 延迟奖励(元) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10 | 11 | 11.5 | 12.5 | 13.5 | 15 | 17.5 | 19.5 | 22.5 |
20 | 22 | 23 | 25 | 27 | 30 | 35 | 39 | 45 |
30 | 33 | 34.5 | 37.5 | 40.5 | 45 | 52.5 | 58.5 | 67.5 |
组别 | 评定顺序 | 均值差 | 标准误 | p | d |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
积极组 | 1 2 | -0.65 | 0.12 | 0.601 | 0.06 |
1 3 | 0.03 | 0.18 | 0.856 | 0.03 | |
1 4 | -0.97 | 0.15 | 0.000 | 0.85 | |
2 3 | 0.10 | 0.18 | 0.598 | 0.09 | |
2 4 | -0.90 | 0.15 | 0.000 | 0.85 | |
3 4 | -1.00 | 0.22 | 0.000 | 0.90 | |
消极组 | 1 2 | -0.20 | 0.13 | 0.136 | 0.18 |
1 3 | 0.20 | 0.16 | 0.227 | 0.19 | |
1 4 | 1.33 | 0.18 | 0.000 | 1.35 | |
2 3 | 0.00 | 0.17 | 1.000 | 0.00 | |
2 4 | 1.53 | 0.15 | 0.000 | 1.66 | |
3 4 | 1.53 | 0.14 | 0.000 | 1.84 |
表2 想象积极事件组和想象消极事件组的4次情绪自评的两两比较结果
组别 | 评定顺序 | 均值差 | 标准误 | p | d |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
积极组 | 1 2 | -0.65 | 0.12 | 0.601 | 0.06 |
1 3 | 0.03 | 0.18 | 0.856 | 0.03 | |
1 4 | -0.97 | 0.15 | 0.000 | 0.85 | |
2 3 | 0.10 | 0.18 | 0.598 | 0.09 | |
2 4 | -0.90 | 0.15 | 0.000 | 0.85 | |
3 4 | -1.00 | 0.22 | 0.000 | 0.90 | |
消极组 | 1 2 | -0.20 | 0.13 | 0.136 | 0.18 |
1 3 | 0.20 | 0.16 | 0.227 | 0.19 | |
1 4 | 1.33 | 0.18 | 0.000 | 1.35 | |
2 3 | 0.00 | 0.17 | 1.000 | 0.00 | |
2 4 | 1.53 | 0.15 | 0.000 | 1.66 | |
3 4 | 1.53 | 0.14 | 0.000 | 1.84 |
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