Detecting without discerning: Characteristics and mechanisms of interoception in individuals with autism spectrum disorder

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1042.2026.1813

Abstract

Abstract:

Interoception refers to the ability to perceive and integrate signals from within the body, which plays an important role in emotion regulation, self-awareness, and social cognition development. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit widespread sensory processing abnormalities, but there is a lack of systematic understanding of the characteristics of their interoception, and why and under what conditions interoceptive abnormalities manifest. This review first examines the characteristics of interoception in individuals with ASD based on three dimensions: interoceptive accuracy, interoceptive sensibility, and interoceptive awareness. We then reveal the underlying mechanisms of interoceptive abnormalities from the perspectives of predictive coding theory, weak central coherence theory, and the alexithymia hypothesis, and suggest the potential effects of factors such as age, type of interoceptive signals, and comorbidity status. Future research is needed to further integrate the differences and associations of interoception across different dimensions in individuals with ASD, to explore the potential influencing factors of the phenomenon, and to expand existing research methodologies, so as to advance the understanding of emotion and social functioning difficulties in individuals with ASD.

Key words: autism spectrum disorders, interoception, predictive coding, weak central coherence, alexithymia

CLC Number:

R395

ZHU Xingchen, HU Jinsheng. Detecting without discerning: Characteristics and mechanisms of interoception in individuals with autism spectrum disorder[J]. Advances in Psychological Science, 2026, 34(10): 1813-1831.

Figures/Tables 1

References 97

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