Abstract: Synesthesia is a psychological process in which stimulation in one sensory modality also give rise to an experience in a different modality. With a combination of behavioral and neuroimaging methods, recent research has begun to identify the cognitive and neural basis of synesthesia. It summarizes the research results of grapheme–color synesthesia which were most intensively studied. The results suggest that synesthesia occurs in early sensory-perceptual processing and is akin to normal perceptual experiences in nature. The brain regions involve in fusiform gyrus (V4) and the specific areas of parietal cortex. In future research, the field of synesthesia will be broadened by comprehensive use of various research methods.

Key words: grapheme–color synesthesia, neural basis, fusiform gyrus (V4), parietal cortex