Abstract: Questions pertaining to individual differences are very much intriguing to psychologists as well as to the public. The author and his research group have intensively been involved in the field of research on individual differences with special samples such as intellectually supernormal children compared with intellectually average samples in the last ten years. Issues such as “why someone is better at schooling than others” and so forth have been explored at neuro-cognitive, speed of information processing and social contextual levels. Findings about individual differences in children’s intelligence, speed of information processing, ERP, and self-concept etc. are summarized in the present article

Key words: intelligence, individual difference, children, ERP, development