Abstract: Although research findings on the relationship between transformational leadership and leadership effectiveness are legion, there is a lack of systematic examination of the mediators. The mediating mechanisms could be investigated along three paths, (1) re-assessment of the psychological cognition, (2) re-evaluation of the social relationship, and (3) re-interpretation of the work environment. Future research on the mediating mechanisms of transformational leadership needs to be conducted from multi-level and cross-cultural perspectives

Key words: transformational leadership, mediator, multi-level