Abstract: In recent years a growing number of researches have been conducted to address the neural basis of music comprehension with ERP and fMRI technique. These studies provided new evidences about the on-line processing of pitch, the music-specific syntax and meaning in left and right hemispheres. Additionally, there are studies concerning whether musicians and non-musicians processes music-related information in the same way. Cross-cultural studies also examined whether western and non-western music active same brain areas in the same pattern. New trends and issues pertaining to the study of music processing with fMRI and ERP technique are covered and discussed in this review

Key words: music cognition, neural substrate, fMRI, ERP